Aims Mobile, portable ECG-recorders allow the assessment of heart rhythm in out-of-hospital conditions and may prove useful for monitoring patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, the effectiveness of these portable devices has not been tested in everyday practice. Methods and results A group of 98 consecutive cardiology patients (62 males [63%], mean age 69 ± 12.9 years) were included in an academic care centre. For each patient, a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (SE), as well as a Kardia Mobile 6L (KM) and Istel (IS) HR-2000 ECG were performed. Two groups of experienced physycians analyzed obtained recordings. After analyzing ECG tracings from SE, KM, and IS, quality was marked as good in 82%, 80%, and 72% of patients, respectively (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between devices in terms of detecting sinus rhythm (SE [60%, n = 59], KM [58%, n = 56], and IS [61%, n = 60]; SE vs KM p = 0.53; SE vs IS p = 0.76) and atrial fibrillation (SE [22%, n = 22], KM [22%, n = 21], and IS [18%, n = 18]; (SE vs KM p = 0.65; SE vs IS = 0.1). KM had a sensitivity of 88.1% and a specificity of 89.7% for diagnosing sinus rhythm. IS showed 91.5% and 84.6% sensitivity and specificity, respectively. The sensitivity of KM in detecting atrial fibrillation was higher than IS (86.4% vs. 77.3%), but their specificity was comparable (97.4% vs. 98.7%). Conclusion Novel, portable devices are useful in showing sinus rhythm and detecting atrial fibrillation in clinical practice. However, ECG measurements concerning conduction and repolarisation should be clarified with a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram.

According to European Society of Cardiology guidelines, the goal of heart failure (HF) management is to provide an effective system of care through the whole patient's journey including hospital and ambulatory pathway. Strategies based on patients' education, psychosocial support and monitoring should be considered as a fundamental part of multidisciplinary disease management programs and may lead to a reduction in mortality and morbidity and improvement in the quality of life. In this article, we focus on patient's education strategies by describing different models: "onetoone" strategies, multidisciplinary care management programs, activation of the family members, pharmaceutical care, and endstage HF advance care planning. Furthermore, we explain the problem of health literacy among HF patients and describe actionable advice on how medical professionals can effectively improve patients' comprehension and know ledge on disease management and the ability for selfcare. Lastly, we review the latest evidence on outcomes obtained by HF education.

High alcohol intake leads to an inadequate diet and impaired absorption, transport, and utilization of nutrients in the body, which results in malnutrition. Micronutrient supplementation, such as vitamins A, E, group B vitamins, folic acid zinc, and selenium may have a positive effect on those patients. In this article, the actual supplementation recommendations for vitamins and microelements in ethanol-induced liver disease patients are presented.