Radiotherapy-induced toxicity is a major dose-limiting factor in anti-cancer treatment. Ionizing radiation leads to the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) that are associated with radiation-induced cell death. Investigations of biological effects of fullerenol have provided evidence for its ROS/RNS scavenger properties in vitro and radioprotective efficiency in vivo. Therefore we were interested to evaluate its radioprotective properties in vitro in the human erythroleukemia cell line. Pre-treatment of irradiated cells by fullerenol exerted statistically significant effects on cell numbers and the response of antioxidative enzymes to X-ray irradiation-induced oxidative stress in cells. Our study provides evidence that the pre-treatment with fullerenol enhanced the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in irradiated K562 cells.

No abstract

No abstract

Background: Peroxynitrite was hypothesized to be involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) through its various neurotoxic effects. Uric acid (UA) was shown to be a strong peroxynitrite scavenger. Methods: We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum UA concentrations in 30 MS patients and 20 controls with non-inflammatory neurological diseases (NIND) and correlated these findings with demographic and clinical characteristics of MS patients. Disease activity was assessed by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the CSF/serum albumin quotient as an indicator of the state of blood-brainbarrier (BBB). Results: Serum UA concentrations were found to be significantly lower in MS patients compared with controls (ps0.019). CSF UA concentrations were lower in MS patients as compared to controls, as well as in patients with active MS (clinical and/or MRI activity) in comparison to patients with inactive MS or controls, but these differences were not statistically significant. Significant correlation was found between CSF and serum UA concentrations (ps0.016) in MS patients, but not in controls; and between CSF UA concentrations and the CSF/serum albumin quotient in MS patients (ps0.043), but not in controls. Conclusions: Our results support the significance of UA in the pathogenesis of MS. Decreased serum UA concentrations in MS patients might be due to both intrinsically reduced antioxidant capacity and increased UA consumption in MS. CSF UA concentrations may not be a reliable marker of disease activity in MS since its concentration is dependent on leakage

Parameters of oxidative stress in amniotic fluid could be altered in certain pathological conditions. Their use as clinical biomarkers is limited due to great variations of amniotic fluid volume between patients which gives favor to hemolysate or serum of pregnant women.

Cystatin C serum level may have significant role as a marker of pre-eclampsia specially when used in combination with uric acid levels.

Serum ceruloplasmin level may have significant role as the markers of oxidative stress in pre-eclampsia especially when used in combination with uric acid levels.

In this study ribavirin was more effective than placebo in reducing ALT levels during the treatment period of the applied therapy in patients with chronic active hepatitis C.