The purpose of the study was to assess the burnout levels in nurses ( N = 161) versus physicians ( N = 373). The levels of burnout were evaluated by the Polish adaptation of the Spanish Burnout Inventory (Cronbach's alpha > .70). High burnout level was found in 18.63 percent nurses and 12.06 percent anesthesiologists, and critical level in 3.74 percent nurses and 5.90 percent anesthetists. There were statistically significant differences in Burnout global score, Enthusiasm toward the job, Psychological exhaustion, and Indolence subscales between nurses and physicians. No significant differences were found between sexes in any variable.
Background. In the process of intensive care, neonates are exposed to stress and pain related to repeated therapeutic--diagnostic procedures. The aim of this study was an objective assessment of stress intensity pain while performing selected procedures in neonates in the intensive care unit. Methods. 32 neonates, with a mean body mass of 2,495g, intubated, mechanically ventilated, and who underwent sedation and analgesia, were qualified to the study. A stress reaction to suctioning from endotracheal tube and capillary blood taking for blood gas analysis was evaluated. For the pain stress evaluation, the conductance fluctuation method was used. Results. 0.20 oscillations per second during the mechanical ventilation were obtained; during the suctioning, the number of oscillations increased to 0.33. With the finger tip puncture, the number of oscillations was 0.35. The mean values obtained in the cases of suctioning and puncture differed significantly from the ones obtained at mechanical ventilation (P < 0.001) and did not differ between one another (P = 0.558). The oscillation proportion ≥ 0.33 s -1 was lowest during the ventilation and it was significantly different (P < 0.001) from the values obtained at suctioning and finger tip puncture. There were no significant differences between these values. Conclusion. Measurement of the conductivity of skin as an objective tool to measure pain and discomfort during invasive procedures in neonatal intensive care shows that, despite the use of sedation and analgesia, neonates experience discomfort associated with the selected performance of therapeutic and diagnostic procedures.
Background: Burnout syndrome is a psychological response to chronic work-related stress characterized by low enthusiasm towards the job, high psychological exhaustion, indolence and guilt. Being a medical doctor, both in Poland and in other countries, is one of the most stressful occupations and anaesthesiology is considered one of the most stressful specializations, which justify carrying out of the study on Polish anaesthesiologists. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of burnout syndrome in Polish anaesthesiologists. Methods: Non-randomized cross-sectional study was carried out and data were gathered through a self-administrated questionnaire. The sample consisted of 373 Polish anaesthesiologists, 57.6% were women and 42.4% were men. A 66% response rate was achieved. The Burnout Syndrome was measured by the Spanish Burnout Inventory. Results: The prevalence burnout risk was almost 70%. The percentage of participants who indicated very high levels of burnout was 18%; 5.9% of whom fell into profile 2 considered to be clinical. The instrument applied was reliable with Cronbach's alphas exceeding 0.70. Conclusions: The sample is characterized by high burnout risk with 5.9% of clinical cases. Participation in prevention programs is recommended.
1. Patients with temperamental traits such as high perseverance and emotional reactivity had a greater risk of PTSD. 2. Patients with temperamental traits such as high briskness, endurance and activity had lower risk of PTSD. 3. The level of cytokines (sIL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma) was not dependent on the temperamental traits.
Pain recognition, registration, and evaluation constitute fundamental problems of pain therapy. The only presently available method that allows for objective pain evaluation is the SCA (skin conductance algesimeter) method. In this method, skin conductance is the measurement of sympathetic nervous system activation caused by a pain stimulus. The activation of the sympathetic fibers that innervate sweat glands induces a release of the contents of these glands and a concurrent decrease in skin resistance and an increase in skin conductance. The presented method exhibits quick reaction to pain stimuli and does not depend on hemodynamic changes, temperature, breathing, neuromuscular blockade, catecholamine administration, or blood volume changes. It may be used in various fields of medicine in which severe pain and its objectification are phenomena that significantly influence the treatment's progress. Key words: postoperative pain, objective pain evaluation.
StreszczenieJednym z najistotniejszych problemów w terapii bólu jest jego rozpoznanie i rejestracja oraz próba dokonania obiektywnej jego oceny. Jedyną współcześnie dostępną metodą pozwalającą na obiektywną ocenę nasilenia bólu jest metoda SCA (skin conductance algesimeter). W metodzie tej przewodnictwo skórne jest miarą pobudzenia układu współczulnego spowodowanego bodźcem bólowym. Aktywacja włókien współczul-nych unerwiających gruczoły potowe indukuje uwolnienie ich zawartości i zmniejszenie oporu oraz zwiększenie przewodnictwa skórnego. Prezentowana metoda jest niezależna od zmian hemodynamicznych, temperatury, oddychania, środ-ków zwiotczających, podaży katecholamin czy zmian objętości krwi. Metoda ta może mieć zastosowanie w wielu dziedzinach medycyny, w których silny ból i jego obiektywizacja są zjawiskiem istotnie wpływającym na przebieg leczenia. Słowa kluczowe: ból pooperacyjny, obiektywna ocena bólu.
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