RESUMEN. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar si el género establece diferencias significativas en los niveles y en el proceso del síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los hombres (N = 72) puntúan significativamente más alto que las mujeres (N = 258) en despersonalización. En la muestra de hombres la realización personal en el trabajo no resultó un predictor significativo de despersonalización. En la muestra de mujeres el agotamiento emocional no predijo significativamente la inclinación al absentismo. Se concluye sobre la importancia de que los gestores de personal en sanidad tengan presente la diferencia de género.

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la validez factorial del Cuestionario para la Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo (CESQT). Se hipotetizó un modelo de cuatro factores. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 110 médicos del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. El instrumento está formado por 20 ítems distribuidos en 4 subescalas: Ilusión por el trabajo (5 ítems), Desgaste psíquico (4 ítems), Indolencia (6 ítems), y Culpa (5 ítems). El modelo presentó un ajuste adecuado: GFI = .83, RMSEA = .061, NNFI = .90, CFI = .92, PNFI = .65. Los resultados indican que el CESQT presentó en esta muestra validez factorial y valores de consistencia interna adecuados. Palabras clave autoresSalud ocupacional, síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo, análisis factorial, CESQT. Palabras clave descriptor Síndrome de burnout, análisis factorial, salud ocupacional. A B S T R A C TThe purpose of this study was to assess the factorial validity of the "Spanish Burnout Inventory" (SBI). A model of four factors was hypothesized. The sample consisted of 110 doctors working in Mexican Institute of Social Security. The instrument is made up of 20 ítems, and 4 subscales: Enthusiasm toward the job (5 ítems), Psychological Exhaustion (4 ítems), Indolence (6 ítems), and Guilt (5 ítems). The measures of goodness of fit indicated that the hypothesized model showed a satisfactory fit for the data: GFI = .83, RMSEA = .061, NNFI = .90, CFI = .92, PNFI = .65. As a whole, the results show that the SBI offers factorial validity and internal consistency to evaluate burnout for Mexican doctors.

ObjectiveTo assess the factorial validity and internal consistency of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS). MethodsIn a sample consisting of 705 Spanish professionals from diverse occupational sectors (health, education, police and so one), seven plausible factorial models hypothesized were compared using LISREL 8. ResultsThe four-factor oblique solution and the three-factor oblique solution showed the best and similar fit. Deletion of Item 12 and Item 16, taking into consideration the suggestions in the manual, improved the goodness of fit for both models. The fourfactor oblique model suggests that, in addition to Emotional Exhaustion (EE) and Depersonalization (DP), Personal Accomplishment (PA) consists of two components labeled here Self-Competence (Items 4, 7, 17, and 21) and the Existential Component (Items 9,12,18,and 19). However, the alpha coefficient was relatively low for the Self-Competence component, suggesting that it is more suitable to estimate the syndrome as a three-dimensional construct. The Cronbach's alpha was satisfactory for PA (alpha =.71) and EE (alpha =.85), and moderate for DP (alpha =.58). ConclusionsThe results show that the MBI-HSS offers factorial validity and its scales present internal consistency to evaluate the quality of working life for Spanish professionals. Resumo Objetivo Verificar a validação fatorial e a consistência interna de Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS

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Burnout is a serious problem that can be expressed as psychological symptoms, such as depressive mood. Earlier studies have shown that feelings of guilt appear to be involved in the burnout process. However, the exact nature of the relationships among burnout, guilt, and depression is unclear. The purpose of this study was to test the mediator role of guilt in the relationship between burnout and depression. The sample of this cross-sectional study consisted of 700 employees working with intellectually disabled persons. Hypotheses were tested together in a path model. Two models were constructed to test the relationships among the variables. The difference between the models was the order of the Guilt-Depression relationship. The Hypothesized model (i.e., Indolence → Guilt → Depression) showed an adequate fit to data, and all hypothesized relationships were significant. The fit of the Alternative model (i.e., Indolence → Depression → Guilt) was worse than the fit of the Hypothesized model. The hypothesized model offers a good representation of the relationships among burnout, guilt, and depression. The results point to recommending the incorporation of the evaluation of guilt as a symptom of burnout, in order to perform a more complete diagnosis and discriminate among subjects affected by burnout.

The changes on work processes and job design in recent decades are focused in the demographic, economic, political, and technological aspects. These changes have created new psychosocial risks at work that affect the health and quality of workplace, increasing stress levels among workers. The aim of this study is to present such risks, their consequences, and some recommendations to promote health at the workplace as a strategy to improve public health of the population. The study is divided into five points in which: (1) introduces the concept of risk factors and psychosocial work, (2) describes the main emerging psychosocial risks labor, (3) provides some information on the prevalence of psychosocial risks at work in Europe and its consequences, (4) recommendations for health promotion in the workplace, and (5) describes the objective of Occupational Health Psychology and concludes with the recommendations to promote psychosocial health in the workplace as a strategy to improve public health of the population.

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Prevalencia del "síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo" (burnout) en pediatras de hospitales generales Burnout prevalence in pediatricians of general hospitals RESUMEN OBJETIVO: Analizar la prevalencia del síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo (burnout) en pediatras de hospitales generales siguiendo criterios de diferentes países. MÉTODOS:Estudio transversal, no aleatorio, realizado en Buenos Aires, Argentina, en 2006. La muestra la formaron 123 pediatras que trabajaban en Servicios de Pediatría de hospitales generales, 89 fueron mujeres (72,4%) y 34 hombres (27,6%). Los datos fueron recogidos mediante un cuestionario anónimo y autoadministrado. El SQT fue diagnosticado utilizando el Maslach Burnout Inventory, con diferentes criterios para establecer su prevalencia. RESULTADOS:La prevalencia del SQT, varió en función del criterio utilizado: siguiendo los puntos de corte del manual de Estados Unidos, la prevalencia fue del 10,6% de 24,4 % siguiendo los criterios de España, 37,4% siguiendo los criterios de Argentina y considerando los criterios clínicos establecidos en Holanda, el porcentaje fue del 3,2%. CONCLUSIONES: