Прикаспийский научно-исследовательский институт аридного земледелия ТЮТЮМА Андрей Владимирович, Прикаспийский научно-исследовательский институт аридного земледелия ТЮТЮМА Никита Андреевич, Волгоградский государственный аграрный университет ДАНИЛОВ Александр Никифорович, Саратовский государственный аграрный университет имени Н.И. Вавилова БЕЛОГОЛОВЦЕВ Владимир Петрович, Саратовский государственный аграрный университет имени Н.И. Вавилова Разработаны элементы агротехнологии возделывания озимой пшеницы, обеспечивающие получение устойчивых урожаев озимой пшеницы на фоне внесения минеральных удобрений в комплексе с внекорневыми (листовыми) обработками стимуляторами роста в условиях «бросовых» полей рисовой оросительной системы (залежь). Установлено, что максимальная урожайность за три года получена на варианте В 2 (Мастер + Мегафол)-5,00 т/га, что на 1,24 т/га (на 33 %) больше, чем на контрольном варианте. Наибольший уровень рентабельности отмечен при обработке озимой пшеницы Лигногуматом (100 г/га)-215,1 %, что на 72,2 % выше контроля.
The article presents analytical materials of studying the chemical composition and properties of bird droppings in the Pokrovskaya PTF LLC of the Engels District of the Saratov Region. Its various types: dry, litter, dense consistency, semi-liquid, liquid, drains are analyzed. The loss of chemical elements at perfect and impaired storage technology and ways to prevent them are identified. The most promising of them is thermal drying. The specificity of the impact of high doses of bird droppings on the fertility of the fields adjacent to the poultry complex was revealed. Its effect on the reaction of the soil solution, the humus content, mobile forms of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and trace elements is shown.
Studies show that the most fertile are the granular soils of the Central floodplain of the Insar river. They have high humus content in the upper horizons – 4.6-7.6 %. Down the profile, the humus content gradually decreases, but remains relatively high: at a depth of 60-70 cm – 4.0 %. The humus content in alluvial granular-layered and meadow-marsh soils is much lower. The active reaction of these soils is neutral or slightly acidic, since the river and groundwater of the Insar floodplain are medium mineralized and belong to the class of bicarbonate. The hydrolytic acidity of the alluvial granular soil of the Insar floodplain is 1.6-3.0 mg / 100 g of soil. The values of hydrolytic acidity of alluvial granular-layered and meadow-marsh soils are higher: 2.6-3.6 and 1.8–3.2 mg/100 g of soil, respectively. The studied alluvial soils are almost completely saturated with bases: 91-97 %. The studied alluvial granular soils of the Insar floodplain are characterized by an average content of available phosphorus. In granular-layered and meadow-marsh soils, the amount of this element is slightly less and is 7.0–5.1 and 7.4–5.4 mg/100 g of soil, respectively. The most potassium-rich alluvial granular soil in the floodplain of the Insar river, where the content of this element in the upper layers is characterized as high: 16.5–27.6 mg/100 g of soil. In the sod layer of granular-layered soil, potassium availability is average: 9.5-15.4 mg / 100 g of soil. In the turf layer of meadow-marsh soils, potassium content is observed for most crops (8.0-10.4 mg / 100 g of soil), with depth it decreases.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.