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‘TCLF‐AN‐105’ (Reg. No.TCL‐009–251104, México; Reg. no. CV‐31, PI 658496) intermediate triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) was developed by the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), México, and reselected and released as a forage cultivar in Mexico by the Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro (UAAAN). TCLF‐AN‐105 was selected from the progeny of the cross CT776.81//TESM01/MUSK603 produced in the Yaqui Valley, México, in 1989. CT776.81 and TESM01/MUSK603 are two parental lines (winter and spring triticale, respectively) developed by CIMMYT. TCLF‐AN‐105 was released because of its biomass production, cycle duration and nutritive value. The selection was based primarily on forage and agronomic characteristics and resistance to stem and leaf rust. ‘TCLF‐AN‐31’ winter triticale (Reg. no. CV‐25, PI 620762), released as a forage cultivar by the UAAAN in 1992 (México Reg. No. TCL‐07–080592) was used as reference cultivar.

The effect of row covers on watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris) grown on plastic mulch is well documented. However, row covers have not been adequately evaluated under Mexican growing conditions. Watermelon plants were grown on plastic mulch alone or with row covers to study their effect on photosynthesis, and early and total yields. Treatments were clear plastic mulch (C); black plastic mulch (B); B plus a Vispore cover of polypropylene (BV); B plus a white cover of perforated polyethylene (BW); B plus a clear cover of perforated polyethylene (BC); B plus an Agribon cover of polypropylene (BA); and bare soil as the control. For plants grown in treatment C, B or B combined with row covers, plant dry weight and number of leaves 40 days after seeding (DAS) were higher than the control (P<0.05), except BC which was comparable to the control. Total yields of treatments C, B, BV, BW and BA differed (P<0.05) from BC and the control. Total yields increased by 46.1, 43.2, 35.7, 41.6, 13.3, 15.4 and 35.8 t/ha for the C, B, BV, BW, BC and BA treatments, respectively, over the control, which yielded 27.1 t/ha. Total yield was highest for the C and the B treatment suggesting that there was no need for additional covers. The number of leaves per plant or dry weight per plant better explains the changes in yield than net photosynthesis rate. Stomatal conductance was explained in part by changes in photosynthesis.

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Objetivo: determinar la relación de diferentes índices fotográficos y valores de NDVI con la producción de biomasa seca de hojas en triticales forrajeros (x Triticosecale wittmack). Diseño/metodología/aproximación: diez variedades de triticale fueron cultivadas durante dos ciclos agrícolas, bajo diferente condición de riego y fertilización. La información fue analizada bajo un diseño en bloques completos al azar. Se realizaron tres muestreos para estimar la producción de biomasa foliar seca, antes y después de antesis; en cada muestreo se tomaron tres fotografías con una cámara digital y se realizaron las mediciones de NDVI con el espectroradiómetro greenseeker®; posteriormente se realizaron los muestreos destructivos para estimar la biomasa foliar seca. Resultados: los resultados mostraron mayor ajuste a las ecuaciones de regresión lineal simple entre NDVI y biomasa hojas antes de antesis (R 2 =0.45) en respuesta a los efectos de interacción entre muestreos y variedades en ambos ciclos de evaluación. Después de antesis las relaciones de NDVI con biomasa de hojas fue menor (R 2 =0.34). La relación entre el índice GGA y biomasa de hojas antes de antesis fue de (R 2 = 0.30), de forma similar se encontró una relación mayor (R 2 =0.34) entre GGA con biomasa de hojas después de antesis. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Es posible emplear indistintamente los índices GGA y NDVI, para determinar biomasa seca de manera indirecta mediante cámaras digitales o greenseeker®, dada la relación lineal positiva (R 2 = 0.85) entre ambos.