The aeronautical industry is expanding after a period of economic turmoil. For this reason, a growing number of airports are facing capacity problems that can sometimes only be resolved by expanding infrastructure, with the inherent risks that such decisions create. In order to deal with uncertainty at different levels, it is necessary to have relevant tools during an expansion project or during the planning phases of new infrastructure. This article presents a methodology that combines simulation approaches with different description levels that complement each other when applied to the development of a new airport. The methodology is illustrated with an example that uses two models for an expansion project of an airport in The Netherlands. One model focuses on the operation of the airport from a high-level position, while the second focuses on other technical aspects of the operation that challenge the feasibility of the proposed configuration of the apron. The results show that by applying the methodology, analytical power is enhanced and the risk of making the wrong decisions is reduced. We identified the limitations that the future facility will have and the impact of the physical characteristics of the traffic that will operate in the airport. The methodology can be used for tackling different problems and studying particular performance indicators to help decision-makers take more informed decisions.
COVID-19 arrived in the world suddenly and unexpectedly. It caused major disruptions at economical, operational and other levels. In the case of flight traffic, the operations were reduced to 10% of their original levels. The question after COVID-19 is how to restart the operations and how to keep the balance between safety and capacity. In this paper we present an analysis using simulation techniques for understanding the impact in a security area of an important airport in Latin America; the airport of Mexico City. The results allow to illustrate the potential congestion given by the implemented covid-19 restriction, even when the traffic recovers only by 25% of the pre-covid-19 traffic. The congestion can be mitigated by applying some layout changes (snake queue vs parallel queue) and when more capacity is added to the system (extra security line). The results will raise situational awareness for airport stakeholders when implementing the actions suggested by different international institutions like WHO, IATA or ICAO.
En el presente trabajo se realiza el desarrollo de una herramienta de análisis de seguridad operacional en franja de pista mediante modelos probabilísticos de accidentes por excursiones de pista. Se presenta una herramienta preliminar que permite caracterizar y evaluar el riesgo operacional presente en franjas de pista y zonas asociadas en aeropuertos con operaciones aerocomerciales. Las conclusiones y recomendaciones obtenidas como resultado permiten lograr un aporte significativo para una mejora en la seguridad operacional. Adicionalmente se valida el desarrollo mediante la aplicación de la herramienta desarrollada en un determinado aeropuerto específico de la región SAM (South America) de OACI. Mediante la información bibliográfica recopilada, se llevó a cabo el análisis de las metodologías existentes asociadas a modelos de riesgo. Se analizaron las problemáticas más habituales en franjas de pista de aeropuertos con tráfico aerocomercial de la región SAM. Con la información obtenida y los criterios adoptados se procedió a identificar los principales factores de riesgo en las franjas de pista y zonas asociadas. Mediante la caracterización de los accidentes ocurridos se determinó la severidad de cada peligro existente, lo cual sirve como base para el desarrollo de la herramienta capaz de identificar el riesgo preliminar y evaluarlo. Se identificaron los aeropuertos más significativos respecto a operaciones en la región; y luego se aplicó la herramienta desarrollada en uno de ellos, para validar la misma.
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