La Zona Económica Exclusiva (ZEE) es uno de los pocos conceptos jurídicos y geopolíticos construidos desde el sur político en las relaciones internacionales. En América Latina, comprender el papel de la Corte Internacional de Justicia (CIJ) en cuanto agente que reinterpreta el discurso legal–geopolítico de los Estados litigantes, para luego redistribuir el poder, es esencial para comprender la dinámica de los límites marítimos de la región. Nuestro argumento consiste en que la Convención de Naciones Unidas sobre Derecho del Mar (CONVEMAR) no mejora la seguridad de las fronteras marítimas ante la CIJ, dado el fuerte acople existente entre la costumbre internacional y el contenido del tratado. Así, la presente investigación se desarrolla a partir de un análisis geopolítico comparado para el periodo 1939–2014, y se construye en base a una metodología cualitativa no experimental, centrada en el análisis geopolítico del discurso.
During his election campaign, the new president of Mexico, Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, proposed to grant an amnesty to those involved in drug production and trafficking in order to end the war on drugs, thus moving between taboo and pragmatism. Undoubtedly, this initiative is a radical change in the state approach to this conflict, as it involves typical tools of a peace process, such as demobilization, reintegration and transitional justice. But what are the main risks of this offer? This reflection paper aims to answer this question, analyzing, from a qualitative approach, the main constraints of this proposal. The main conclusion is that an amnesty is only a damage limitation strategy since it does not seek to de-escalate the illicit market, but to model its behavior—low profile, with no open confrontation position, and moderate mortality rates.
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