The aim of this study was to compare the bone regeneration in the anterior maxilla between bone substitutes and autologous platelet concentrate in alveolar ridge preservation.Forty patients requiring tooth extraction in anterior maxilla were randomly allocated to the four following treatment modalities: spontaneous healing (control), natural bovine bone mineral covered with resorbable native collagen membrane (BBM/CM), freeze-dried bone allograft covered with resorbable native collagen membrane (FDBA/CM) and Plasma Rich in Growth Factors alone (PRGF). Bone biopsies and histomorphometrical analysis were performed after 3 months of healing. The following parameters were assessed: newly formed mineralized tissue, the newly formed non-mineralized tissue, and the residual bone grafting material (if applicable). Statistical analysis was performed for descriptive analysis and to compare the parameters of the bone regeneration between the study groups. Histomorphometrical analysis revealed the highest new mineralized tissue formation in PRGF group. Statistically significant differences in new mineralized tissue formation were found between control/PRGF (46.4±15.2% vs 75.5±16.3%), control/(BBM/CM) (46.4±15.2% vs 20.3±21.9%), control/(FDBA/CM) (46.4±15.2% vs 7.2±8.6), PRGF/(BBM/CM) (75.5±16.3 vs 20.3±21.9%), and PRGF/(FDBA/CM) (75.5±16.3 vs 7.2±8.6) groups. The new mineralized tissue formation was in the following order: PRGF > control > BBM>FDBA. Alveolar ridge preservation in aesthetic zone with PRGF has been the most effective in bone regeneration of the alveolar ridge.

With a large sample group, results represented that lingual foramina could be visualized with dental CT, providing useful data for mandibular implant surgeries. Findings suggest that vascular canals and several anastomoses exist in the anterior mandible extending through premolar and molar regions as well. It is imperative to consider these vessels with the dental CT before and during the mandibular surgery to prevent threatening hemorrhage.

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dependence of the condition of the microflora of the oral cavity on the etiology of xerostomia, patients’ sex, age, degree of hyposalivation, and duration of the sense of dryness. Material and Methods. A total of 64 patients with complaints of oral dryness referred to the Clinic of Oral and Dental Diseases, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, for consultation during the period from 2003 to 2005 were selected for the study. The etiological factors of xerostomia were as follows: radiotherapy (PRT) to the maxillofacial area, Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), and xerogenic medications, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Results. There were 50 women and 14 men. Their mean age was 60.5±1.6 years. All the patients in the PRT group had high counts of Candida spp. as compared with percentages of patients in the TCA and SS groups (100% vs. 66.7% and 56.2%, P<0.05). Patients’ age and sex in different etiology groups had no significant impact on the condition of their oral microflora. There were equal percentages of patients with deficient and normal salivation in the TCA group (44% in both the groups; P<0.01). All the patients in the PRT group had pronounced hyposalivation (P<0.002). A significantly greater percentage of patients with severely reduced salivation had high counts of Lactobacillus spp. (P<0.01). Significantly greater percentages of patients with the clinical duration of xerostomia of up to 6 months had high counts of Lactobacillus spp. and Candida spp. colonies. Conclusions. In patients with xerostomia, the condition of the microflora of the oral cavity and impairment of major salivary gland function varied according to the etiology of the disease. The level of hyposalivation and the duration of xerostomia were found to have a significant impact on the microflora of the oral cavity.

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ObjectivesThere aren’t any objective methods that may help in standard evaluation of oral surgery patient’s psycho-emotional status. Without any standardized evaluation, two main problems appear: heterogeneity between studies and ineffective patient’s evaluation. Therefore, Universal Scale in Oral Surgery (USOS) for patient’s psycho-emotional status rating has previously been proposed by authors. The aim of present study is to assess the clinical effectivity and validate the Universal Scale in Oral Surgery in case of outpatient tooth extraction for adult healthy patients.Material and MethodsClinical trial to validate the USOS for patient’s psycho-emotional status rating was performed. In total 90 patients, that came for outpatient dental extraction to Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department ambulatory, were enrolled in clinical trial. Patients filled self-reported questionnaires before the procedure. Operating surgeon rated USOS for patient’s psycho-emotional status rating doctor’s part questionnaire after the procedure. 4 - 6 weeks later all patients were asked to fill USOS for patient’s psycho-emotional status rating questionnaire retrospectively. ResultsAccording to the statistical analysis, the final composition of USOS for patient’s psycho-emotional status rating that would fit to reliability coefficient should be composed from 6 patient part questions and 3 general doctor part questions.ConclusionsUniversal Scale in Oral Surgery for patient’s psycho-emotional status rating is a novel, doctor and patient rated scale which is suitable for clinical and scientific usage.

Background and Objective. The full dental arch on four implants concept is a useful therapy in the treatment of an edentulous mandible. Few studies have shown the effect of the cantilever length on the peri-implant bone. The aim of the study was to clarify the influence of the cantilever length on the stress and their distribution in the peri-implant bone. Material and Methods. For research purposes, 3-dimensional finite element analysis models based on the highest atrophy of an edentulous mandible were constructed. Four dental implants were inserted in interforaminal segment in 4 conditions. The implants were splinted with a 14-unit bridge. A load of 300 N was applied to the occlusal surface at the end of the cantilever. Results. The lowest peri-implant stresses around the distal implant were in the scheme 4-2-2-4; they were by 1% greater in the scheme 4-1-1-4, by 16.7% greater in the scheme 4-3-3-4 and by 71% greater in the scheme 3-2-2-3. The greatest stresses of distal implants peri-implant bone and the lowest bone stresses of central implants were observed in the 3-2-2-3 scheme. A longed cantilever significantly increased the peri-implant overloading around a distal implants in all cases. Conclusions. The research showed that stresses were formed around all implants during a functional load on the cantilever. The lowest peri-implant stresses were recorded when the implants were positioned according to the 4-2-2-4 and 4-1-1-4 scheme. A shortened cantilever significantly reduced the peri-implant overloading around a distal implant up to 358%.

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Pain is a crucial clinical, social and economical problem. Patients with trigeminal neuralgia, making up about 15-20% of all peripheral nervous system diseases, are especially suffering with pain. Trigeminal neuralgia -highly intensive sharp pain in one or both sides of the face. The disorder is caused by an inflammation of the trigeminal nerve (nervus trigeminus), the fifth cranial nerve composed of three branches. We compared trigeminal neuralgia treatment methods, that are used for patients hospitalised in