Objective: To evaluate the ability of the resin-coat technique used in cavity preparation to protect dentin before impression taking and final cementation and its effect on the tensile bond strength of indirect restorations after thermal and load cycling. Methods: Occlusal enamel was removed from 25 third molars to expose flat dentin. Teeth were divided into 5 groups (n‫:)5ס‬ G1, receiving no dentin sealing (control group); G2, dentin was hybridized with all-in-one self-etch adhesive (Clearfil S3); G3, receiving combination of a one-step self-etch adhesive and low viscosity resin (Clearfil Protect Liner); G4, dentin was hybridized with "two-step" self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond); and G5, combination of a "two-step" adhesive system and low viscosity resin was applied. After dentin sealing, indirect restorations were performed with Sinfony system and cementation with dual-cure resin cement (Panavia F). Restored teeth were submitted to thermal (1,500 cycles) and mechanical cycling (200,000 cycles). After this they were sectioned into sticks ‫1ן1(‬ mm, approximately) and then subjected to microtensile bond strength testing. Results: all data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test (pϽ0.05). Mean values (MPa) obtained were G1, 9.5; G2, 9.2; G3, 14.8; G4, 12.2; and G5, 17.4. Statistical analysis showed differences between groups, with G5 performance being higher than that of the other groups. Conclusion: when no resin coating-technique was used to protect dentin, lower bond strength values were obtained than those in the other groups. The combination of a "two-step" self-etch adhesive system and low viscosity resin promoted the best bond strength values.

This study evaluated the influence of material combinations used in the resin coating technique (RCT) on the marginal adaptation of indirect restorations with gingival margins in enamel (EM) and cement (CM). Eighty third-molars were used. Two cavities were prepared in each tooth. The cavities were distributed into 16 groups. Cavities with EM were filled with the following material combinations: G1: Single-Bond 2 (Sb2), G2: Sb2 + Bond/Scotchbond-Multipurpose (Sb2B), G3: Sb2 + Filtek-Flow Z350 (Sb2Fl), G4: Scotchbond-Multipurpose (SBMP), G5: Clearfil-S3 (CS3), G6: CS3 + Bond/Clearfil-SE Bond (CSE3B), G7: CS3 + Protect Liner F (CS3PL) and G8: Clearfil SE Bond + Protect Liner F (CSEBPL). The same combinations were applied to the cavities in CM: G9, G10, G11, G12, G13, G14, G15, G16, respectively. The fillings were performed with the Sinfony-System (3M/ESPE). After 24 h, the teeth were submitted to thermocycling (2,000 cycles, 5° to 55°C) and load-cycling (50,000 cycles, 50 N). Next, the Caries-Detector (Kuraray) was applied to the restoration margins. Images from the proximal margin were evaluated using the Image-Tool 3.0 software. The results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). The mean values (%) for the groups were: EM: G1=46.68, G2=15.53, G3=19.83, G4=27.53; G5=59.49, G6=25.13, G7=34.37, G8=15.20; CM: G9=38.38, G10=23.25, G11=26.97, G12=25.85, G13=37.81, G14=30.62, G15=29.17, G16=20.31. The highest percentages of marginal gap on EM or CM were found in the groups that did not use a liner. It can be concluded that the most appropriate RCT combinations were the groups that used a liner.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the nanoleakage patterns in indirect composite restorations bonding to dentin using different combinations of Resin Coating, after thermal and load cycling. Twenty five extracted third molars were used in the study; two box-like Class II cavities were prepared in each tooth (mesial and distal surface). The 50 cavities were distributed in 5 groups according to the RC materials combinations: G1: Etch-rinse 2 steps/Hydrophobic monomer; G2: Etch-rinse 2steps/Flow composite-resin, G3: Self-etch 1step, G4: Self-etch1step/Flowable composite resin liner, G5: Self-etch 2step/Flowable composite-resin liner. The cavities were molded with a vinyl polysiloxane impression material and the molds were poured with stone plaster. The fillings were confectioned using the Sinfony composite system (3 M/ESPE) and cemented with resin luting cement (Rely X ARC). After 24 hours, the teeth were submitted to thermocycling (2000 cycles, 5°to 55°C) and load cycling (250,000 cycles, 30 N). Past 24hours, the restored teeth were sectioned into serial slabs and immersed in 50% ammoniacal silver nitrate for 24 h, exposed to photo-developing solution for 8 h, carbon coated and observed in SEM using backscattered electron mode. Diverse nanoleakage patterns were observed for the different RC combinations. Silver accumulation were observed in the entire thickness of the hybrid layer in G1 and G2 groups, while in the "all in one" self-etch groups (G3 and G4) silver accumulations similar to "water trees" within the adhesive layer were observed. In G5 group, less nanoleakage than other groups was observed and it was limited to the hybrid layer. The group G5 presented a superior behavior and revealed less nanoleakage compared to the other groups.

No abstract

Aim:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of three commercially available light emitting diode (LED) light curing units (LCU) (Elipar FreeLight -3M ESPE; UltraLume LED2 -Ultradent; and Single V -BioArt) for polymerizing Z250-A3 composite (3M ESPE) using Knoop hardness, polymerization depth, and flexural strength properties. Methods and Materials:The XL 2500 (3M ESPE) LCU, which is a conventional halogen unit, was used as a control. In all cases the curing time was 20 seconds. Hardness was determined 24 hours after composite cure for 10 samples of 8 mm diameter and 2 mm height for each LCU tested. Samples were stored dry in a lightproof container prior to testing. The depth of cure of the composite was measured immediately after composite polymerization for each LCU using three samples 4 mm in diameter and 6 mm in height. Flexural strength was determined for five samples 24 hours after immersion in distilled water at 37ºC. Each sample measured 25 mm in length, 2 mm in width, and 2 mm in height for each LCU tested. Conclusion:The results were treated statistically for comparison of the LCUs. In all cases the results obtained by LED LCUs were not different or were higher than a conventional halogen LCU.Clinical Significance: Second generation LED LCUs were as effective as/or more effective than a halogen LCU for polymerization of the used composite. The present study shows second generation LEDs have the potential to replace halogen LCUs. Abstract © Seer Publishing