Behavior in a game simulating brinksmanship and appeasement is analyzed as a function of varying parameters in the game and as over-time trends. Anatol Rapoport is Professor of Mathematical Biology and Senior Research Mathematician at the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Michigan. He is the author of Fights, Games and Debates; Strategy and Conscience, and co-author of Prisoner's Dilemma. Albert M. Chammah is also at MHRI, as Assistant Research Mathematical Psychologist, he is co-author of Prisoner's Dilemma.
70 male pairs, 70 female pairs, and 70 mixed pairs played Prisoner's Dilemma 300 times in succession. The performances of 4 populations were compared, namely, men playing against men, men playing against women, women playing against men, and women playing against women. Comparisons were made with respect to several indices, including not only the frequencies of cooperative choices but a number of interaction indices based on conditional probabilities of responses. On the whole, large differences were observed between male pairs and female pairs, the principal difference being in the considerably greater overall frequency of cooperative choices by men. When men and women play against each other, however, these differences are erased: the men become more like women and the women more like men. Moreover no differences in the frequencies of cooperative choice were observed in the 1st 2 plays of the sequence, which suggests that the overall differences are results of different interaction patterns in men and women rather than of different a priori propensities to cooperate.
Four experiments are reported in each of which three persons partici‐1 pated. Communication among the parties was in general impossible. The J findings are analyzed, and a mathematical model is proposed which is I relatively effective in predicting the gross percentage of co‐operative 5 behavior in each game. The differing personalities of the players significantly affected their selections of strategies.
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