The color matching and levelness of cotton fabrics dyed with reactive dye, in a non-aqueous environmentally-friendly medium of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5), was investigated using the non-ionic surfactant reverse-micellar approach comprised of poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactant. The calibration dyeing databases for both conventional water-based dyeing and D5-assisted reverse micellar dyeing were established, along with the dyeing of standard samples with predetermined concentrations. Computer color matching (CCM) was conducted by using different color difference formulae for both dyeing methods. Experimental results reveal that the measured concentrations were nearly the same as the expected concentrations for both methods. This indicates that the D5-assisted non-ionic reverse micellar dyeing approach can achieve color matching as good as the conventional dyeing system. The levelness of the dyed samples was measured according to the relative unlevelness indices (RUI), and the results reveal that the samples dyed by the D5 reverse micellar dyeing system can achieve good to excellent levelness comparable to that of the conventional dyeing system.
This study reviewed 155 journal articles that examined the adverse effects of textile dyes on human health. The distribution of these articles was investigated in terms of journal type, year of publication, methodologies and research contexts. Based on the use of citation network analysis, an objective approach for identifying clusters of articles in the literature, three major research domains of textile dyes on human health issues were found, dermatological effect, toxicological effect and respiratory effect. Further investigation was done by conducting a Main Path Analysis of the articles to draw a map of knowledge structure within each research domain. Finally, future research opportunities and directions were proposed for each research domain from a human health perspective.
Abstract:In this study, we investigated the computer colour matching (CCM) of cotton fabrics dyed with reactive dye using the octane-assisted reverse micellar approach. The aim of this study is to evaluate the colour quality and compare the accuracy between CCM forecasting and simulated dyeing produced by conventional water-based dyeing and octane-assisted reverse micellar dyeing. First, the calibration of dyeing databases for both dyeing methods was established. Standard samples were dyed with known dye concentrations. Computer colour matching was conducted by using the colour difference formula of International Commission on Illumination (CIE) L*a*b*. Experimental results revealed that the predicted concentrations were nearly the same as the expected known concentrations for both dyeing methods. This indicates that octane-assisted reverse micellar dyeing system can achieve colour matching as good as the conventional water-based dyeing system. In addition, when comparing the colour produced by the conventional water-based dyeing system and the octane-assisted reverse micellar dyeing system, the colour difference (∆E) is ≤1, which indicates that the reverse micellar dyeing system could be applied for industrial dyeing with CCM.
In
this study, we explored the dyeing behavior of cotton with reactive
dyes in poly(ethylene glycol)-based reverse micelle system in nonaqueous
alkane medium of nonane (C
9
H
20
). Calibration
of dyeing databases for both conventional aqueous-based dyeing method
and nonaqueous nonane reverse micellar dyeing method was initially
established, along with simulated dyeing of standard samples with
known concentrations. Several color difference formulae were used
to conduct computer color matching (CCM), by matching the color between
batch samples and the standard samples, for both dyeing methods. Excellent
color matching results were achieved as both dyeing methods showed
that the CCM-predicted concentrations were nearly the same as the
known concentrations. It indicates that utilizing nonane as a solvent
to facilitate reverse micellar dyeing of cotton can achieve good color
matching when compared with that of the conventional aqueous-based
dyeing system. Relative unlevelness indices were used to evaluate
the evenness of the dyed samples. Good to excellent levelness results
were obtained, comparable to that of the conventional aqueous-based
dyeing system. Color fastness to laundering of nonane reverse micellar
dyed samples was found to be good for industrial applications. In
addition, during the reverse micellar dyeing process, only very low
level of volatile organic compound content was detected and 98% nonane
could be recovered simply by fractional distillation. The results
in this study explored the practical usage of nonane nonaqueous reverse
micellar approach on the dyeing of cotton with the use of reactive
dyes.
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