Teaching engineering design through senior project or capstone engineering courses has increased in recent years. The trend toward increasing the design component in engineering curricula is part of an effort to better prepare graduates for engineering practice. This paper describes the standard practices and current state of capstone design education throughout the country as revealed through a literature search of over 100 papers relating to engineering design courses. Major topics include the development of capstone design courses, course descriptions, project information, details of industrial involvement, and special aspects of team‐oriented design projects. An extensive list of references is provided.
Functional testing of prototypes is a critical step in the development of many of today’s products. Results of functional tests allow for verification of proper performance before a product is introduced into the market. The advent of rapid prototyping technologies offers engineers the potential to dramatically reduce the prototype-test-verify cycle and get products to market quickly. However, dimensional and material property limitations of rapid prototypes often prevent them from being used for functional testing without the use of similitude methods to correlate measured prototype behavior with predicted product behavior. The traditional similarity method (TSM), which is based on the Buckingham Π theorem, requires that the dimensionless parameters of the prototype and product systems be identical in order to correlate their states and accurately predict product performance. The requirement of identical dimensionless parameters which is inherent in the TSM is often impossible to realize with the limited properties available from rapid prototyping technologies. In order to overcome this limitation, an empirical similarity method (ESM) has been developed. The general concept of the ESM is introduced along with an implementation procedure. Numerical and experimental examples are presented which demonstrate the feasibility and industrial impact of the ESM in the context of product design.
Purpose-To illustrate the benefits of using the empirical similitude method when creating scale models with rapid prototyping processes, particularly in the context of evolutionary product design. Design/methodology/approach-Apply the empirical similitude method in two experimental examples. Utilize rapid prototyping processes to create scale models. Both examples are based on the context of evolutionary product design. For one example, evaluate accuracy of empirical similitude results as compared to traditional similitude. Findings-The first experimental example showed improved accuracy in the empirical similitude results as compared with traditional similitude. The second experimental example illustrated an effective approach for applying the empirical similitude method to a realistic product evolution. Research limitations/implications-Limited to two experimental examples. Examples involve a single prototyping process (selective laser sintering). Does not cover limitations of the empirical similitude method. Practical implications-The approach provides for an effective way of utilizing rapid prototypes to predict the functional behavior of an evolutionary product. Rapid prototypes are readily available, but are rarely used in evaluating product function, due to limitations in part sizes and material properties. Originality/value-This paper provides a practical way of utilizing rapid prototypes to predict the functional behavior of a product through scale models. It also illustrates the proposed method with two experimental examples.
Functional testing of rapid prototypes (RP) represents an exciting area of research in solid freeform fabrication. One approach to functional testing is to use similitude techniques to correlate the behavior of an RP model and a product. Previous research at UT, Austin has resulted in the development of an empirical similitude technique for correlating the behavior of parts with different material properties. Advances in the empirical similitude technique are presented in this paper. Sources of coupling between material properties and geometric shape that produce distortions in the current empirical similitude technique are outlined. A modified approach that corrects such distortions is presented. Numerical examples are used to illustrate both the current and the advanced empirical similitude methods.
The pendulum of engineering education is swinging from an emphasis purely on theory to a balance between concrete experiences and analysis. This balance calls for engaging students in active learning through new materials such as hands-on activities, interactive multimedia, and group learning. This balance with concrete experience is especially needed in "building-block" courses that create the foundation for advanced design courses. If we expect students to perform well with open-ended, project-centered problems, we need to provide a pedagogical basis across the entire undergraduate curriculum. This paper presents such a basis for one important engineering core topic: mechanics of materials. Active learning concepts applied in mechanics of materials courses are discussed, including specific examples of hands-on, multimedia, and group design exercises.
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