A brief self-report measure of personal disturbance is presented. Being derived from the Delusions-Symptoms-States Inventory, it focuses exclusively on recent symptomatology, uncontaminated by personality attributes. Data are presented which show significant agreement (a) for the allocation of the items to syndromes by experiences raters, and (b) between patients' self-report and their psychiatrists' ratings. At the anxiety, depression, and total sAD scale levels a high discrimination is found between the normal and pmal distributions, both of which are in contrast to personality measures. The scales appear relevant to treatment evaluation and for detecting the personally disturbed in general populations.
SynopsisA hierarchy of classes of personal illness model is proposed and was assessed using a new self-report measure, the Delusions-Symptoms-States Inventory (DSSI). Of 480 psychiatric patients 93.3% had symptom patterns conforming to the model. It was additionally found that single syndrome patterns, within a particular class, occurred significantly more often in those not classifiable in any higher class. Finally, the relationship between each possible pair of the 12 syndromes was examined. Some of the implications of the model and the data are discussed in terms of the development, remission, assessment, and treatment of personal illness.
Three studies are presented as supportive validatory evidence for the Delusions‐Symptoms‐States Inventory (DSSI). Firstly, senior psychologists and psychiatrists were asked to allocate the 84 DSSI items to clinical syndromes. For 17 items the assignment did not correspond to that of the authors, e.g. ‘neurotic depression’ items alloted to ‘psychotic depression’. Secondly, further referees had to put these 17 items into the DSSI sets, e.g. state of anxiety. This was done as predicted in all but two cases. The third study used clinicians of varied experience to rate their patients according to the presence of the syndromes. These ratings broadly agreed with the patients' scores on the DSSI sets, and for nine of the twelve the association was statistically significant.
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