Safety-critical systems are widely used in different domains and lead to an increasing complexity. Such systems rely on specific services such space and time isolation as in the ARINC653 avionics standard. Their criticality requires a carefully driven design based on an appropriate development process and dedicated tools to detect and avoid problems as early as possible.Model Driven Engineering (MDE) approaches are now considered as valuable approach for building safety-critical systems. The Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL) proposes a component-based language suitable to operate MDE that fits with safety-critical systems needs. This paper presents an approach for the modeling, verification and implementation of ARINC653 systems using AADL. It details a modeling approach exploiting the new features of AADL version 2 for the design of ARINC653 architectures. It also proposes modeling patterns to represent other safety mechanisms such as the use of Ravenscar for critical applications. This approach is fully backed by tools with Ocarina (AADL toolsuite), POK (AADL/AR-INC653 runtime) and Cheddar (scheduling verification). Thus, it assists system engineers to simulate and validate non functional requirements such as scheduling or resources dimensioning.
This article deals with real-time critical systems modelling and verification. Real-time scheduling theory provides algebraic methods and algorithms in order to make timing constraints verifications of these systems. Nevertheless, many industrial projects do not perform analysis with real-time scheduling theory even if demand for use of this theory is large and the industrial application field is wide (avionics, aerospace, automotive, autonomous systems, . . . ). The Cheddar project investigates why real-time scheduling theory is not used and how its usability can be increased. The project was launched at the University of Brest in
A system based on a hierarchical scheduler is a system in which the processor is shared between several collaborative schedulers. Such schedulers exist since 1960 and they are becoming more and more investigated and proposed in reallife applications. For example, the ARINC 653 international standard which defines an Ada interface for avionic real time operating systems provides such a kind of collaborative schedulers. This article focuses on the modeling and the performance analysis of hierarchical schedulers. We investigate the modeling of hierarchical schedulers with AADL. Hierarchical scheduler timing and synchronization relationships are expressed with a domain specific language based on timed automata: the Cheddar language. With the meta CASE tool Platypus, we generate Ada packages implementing the Cheddar language. These Ada packages are part of Cheddar, a real time scheduling simulator. With these Ada packages, Cheddar is able to perform analysis by scheduling simulation of AADL systems composed of hierarchical schedulers. An AADL model of the ARINC 653 hierarchical scheduling is described as an illustration.
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