BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Tooth extraction is the most common procedure performed at the dental office. A very well recognized and recurrent post tooth extraction complication that dental surgeons face is Dry Socket (DO) also introduced as alveolar osteitis, localized osteitis, or simply alveolitis. The objective of this study is to ascertain the frequency of dry socket among patients undergoing dental extraction at Ayub Teaching Hospital. METHODOLOGY: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad for six months. A sample size of 203 patients was predetermined using WHO a calculator. Patients of either gender from 18 to 65 years were selected. Following the standard extraction technique, detailed postoperative instructions were given. The patients were educated about the symptoms of dry socket and were requested to report immediately if he/she felt any of the said symptoms. Those patients that reported dry socket, were identified, and their data was noted on structured proforma. Statistical Package for Social sciences (SPSS) version 21 was used to analyze the data obtained. RESULTS: The Mean age recorded in present study was 35±12.00. Gender distribution showed that 155 (76.35%) patients were male and 48 (23.64%) patients were female. Mean number of days elapsed for dry socket was 5+0.57 Frequency of dry socket recorded was 12 (05.91%) patients. CONLCUSION: In this study, the results collected were found to be statistically insignificant on the accounts of trends such as female preponderance and dry socket distribution posteriorly in the mandible. Our study was in accordance with the studies in literature.
Mandibular fractures are one of the commonest maxillofacial injury. Fractures take place at various locations. Mandibular angle fracture susceptibility in addition to being associated to the type and direction of impact is also associated with impacted 3rd molar.The objective of the study is to determine the frequency of impacted third molar in mandibular angle fracture.This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed for a period of six months on one hundred and twenty-two patients with mandibular. OPG was done to determine the state of 3rd molar tooth. The states of 3rd molar tooth along with its inclination were noted on a proforma.The frequency of 3rd molar impaction in fractures of angle of mandible was 36.1%. Young age (less than 31 years in this study) was significantly associated with development of impacted 3rd molar tooth (p < 0.05).Individuals with impacted 3rd molar should be educated about the possibility of the fracture of mandibular angle so that preventive measures can be adopted.
Objective: To determine the frequency of trismus and diplopia in patients with zygomatic complex fractures. Materials and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 82 patients using non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Patients with ZMC fractures of age above 15 years of both genders were included. Patients with TMJ pathologies, history of previous surgery and having orbital pathologies were excluded. Trismus and diplopia were assessed clinically. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 26. P value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of total 82 participants, mean age of the patients was 32.06±12.092 years. According to distribution of fracture sites, 36(43.9%) patients had Frontozygomatic (FZ) suture fracture, 45(54.9%) patients had zygomaticomaxillary suture fracture, 48(58.5%) patients had infraorbital rim fracture and 42(51.2%) patients had Zygomatic arch fracture. Trismus was present in 42(51.2%) patients and diplopia in 13(15.59%) patients. Association of trismus with various processes of ZMC, such as frontozyomatic process (p=0.275), zygomaticomaxillary process (p=0.825), infraorbital rim (p=0.122) was not statistically significant but on the other hand it was assocaited with zygomatic arch fracture (p=0.001). Association of diplopia with sight of fracture was not statistically significant except in infraorbital rim fracture (p=0.000) which was statistically highly significant. Conclusion: Frequency of trismus was high (51.2%), and that of diplopia was 15.9% in known cases of zygomatic complex fractures.
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