Airports and the aviation industry cause regional and global environmental pollution due to their various activities. Therefore, improving the environmental performance has become a global challenge to giving high priority to environmental protection. This study measured and analyzed the essential air pollutants associated with aircraft movement in the Baghdad International Airport (BIA). Responsible for (77%) of the air traffic in Iraq, the largest and most important airport in Iraq, during the restart of the sector after stopping due to the Covid − 19 pandemic, and comparing them with local and global determinants, as well as comparing them with measurements made before the pandemic. The study dealt with selecting reference measurement sites recommended by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), where gases and particulates were measured in (12) external and internal sites, using advanced portable devices approved by the Iraqi Ministry of Health and Environment. Gases and molecular measurements were made for (45) flight operations, and (570) external and internal measurements were made, and concentrations of some parameters were recorded outside the permissible limits outside, such as: PM₁₀ = 215.8 µg/m3, TSP = 450.5 µg/m3, NO₂ = 3.01 ppm, SO2 = 0.76 ppm, O3 = 1.47 ppm, VOCS = 0.89 ppm, while internal measurements recorded the maximum concentrations at TSP = 21.2 µg/m3, NO₂ = 2.13 ppm, and O3 = 0.66 ppm. This calls for setting up fixed stations for continuous monitoring of air pollutants, conducting periodic checks and implementing the necessary treatments.

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In conventional telecommunication systems, the base station does not know the user equipment location; it broadcast in all directions to fully cover the entire cell area. This represents power waste in addition to transmitting the signal in directions where users do not exist, which seen as interference for co-channel cells. This reduces SNR that limits the capacity and impedes the use of the spectrum effectively. This consideration led to the use of smart antenna (SA) technology that uses the Space-division multiple access (SDMA technique, Based on extracting spatial data for users within the network. In this work, Phased Arrays are used to improve the performance of the GSM network in terms of (decrease power, raise coverage, increase capacity, reduce co-channel interference) with the comparison to conventional antennas. Simulation has studied and realized using Matlab, simulation results, and performances have presented. Introduction.

Renewable energy, particularly solar energy, offers a clean and alternative energy source to meet the energy demand for sustainable development in the world. Due to its profitability and viability, PV net-metering scheme has been adopted in many countries. The feasibility of implementation PV rooftop system with net metering in residential, commercial, governmental and industrial sectors in Iraq is demonstrated in this study. A financial model has been developed to investigate the feasibility parameters NPV, IRR and annual savings of 24 kWp PV system. The results showed that increasing the capacity of the PV system in residential and commercial buildings will lead to a profitable investment return and the breakeven point that may make the PV net-metering projects feasible is very close to the tariff applied for the commercial sector (10.29 $c/kWh). In the governmental sector, the tariff needs to increase by 35.1% to reach breakeven. However, for such net-metering scheme to be attractive and feasible on a wide scale, it is crucial to back it with financial support through soft loans and grants.

This paper aims to study the dynamic behaviors of particular sandwich panels manufactured using three specifications of aluminum honeycomb core with fiberglass or aluminum face-sheet materials. Three groups of panels were designed and manufactured, each including three different sorts of samples, all fabricated with the same thickness. A cantilever fatigue test was conducted on specimens, and the results were collected and presented in curves to detect the factors that affect the panel's endurance. The finding showed that the specimens with aluminum skin had more probability of face-sheet/core delamination. Samples of fiberglass covers showed face-sheets cracks or cores cracks more than delamination failure, while samples of epoxy-filled cores experienced the specimen’s global crack. Generally, specimens with aluminum covers and epoxy-filled cores resisted fatigue load more than other specimens. The larger honeycomb cell-size specimens showed more probability to face-sheet/core delamination failures than samples with smaller cell-size cores.