Introduction: The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) among adults has been increased considerably across the globe, and has contributed a substantial proportion in annual mortality rate. Diabetes and psychiatric disorders are having such an interface that they both influence each other in several ways. Objectives: The study was conducted to assess the prevalence, determinant factors, prescription pattern, efficacy and adverse reactions in diabetic patients associated with psychiatric illness in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out for a period of ten months in General Medicine and Psychiatric Department, Basaveswara Medical College Hospital and Research centre, Chitradurga. Results: In this study, a total of 101 diabetic patients with or without co-morbidities were enrolled in the study. Among them, 27 in-patients were associated with psychiatric illness which was considered as co-morbid condition. The prevalence of psychiatric illness with diabetes mellitus was found to be 26.7% which is highly significant with the p-value (0.00). A higher prevalence was noticed with age group 41-50 years and with male gender. The common determinant factors of psychiatric illness in diabetic patients were being women, having no income, being at the age of menopause, having no physical activity, being illiterate and being single or widowed. Among the anti-diabetic drug prescriptions, there was a higher percentage of use of insulin and the most commonly prescribed drug was combination of Glimepride + Metformin (sulfonylurea and biguanide). The most commonly prescribed anti-psychotic drugs were chlordiazepoxide and alprazolam. Conclusion: The study reveals a high prevalence of psychiatric illness in diabetic patients with determinant factors of psychiatric illness in diabetic patients were being women, having no income, being at the age of menopause, having no physical activity, being illiterate and being single or widowed. Key Words: Prevalence; Determinant factors; Diabetes mellitus; Psychiatric illness
Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used worldwide to treat pain and inflammation. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a broad class of agents with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties that inhibit the two recognized iso enzymes of prostaglandin G/H synthase (also known as cyclo -oxygenase (COX))—namely, COX 1 and COX 2. It is generally accepted that oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can increase the risk of acute myocardial infarction. Randomized controlled trials of NSAIDs have been of limited use for assessing this rare adverse event, as they had small cohorts and poor generalizability. The trials excluded those at highest cardiovascular risk or with established cardiovascular disease. Objectives: 1. To assess the various classes of NSAID’S giving rise to cardiovascular risks. 2. To assess the prevalence of NSAID’s induced various cardiovascular risks. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in selected areas of Chitradurga District. Results: 1. In our study, subjects who were having CVS risks were found to be the major users of Selective cox-2 inhibitor 20(27.7) followed by preferential cox-2 inhibitor 8(11.1)) and phenyl acetic acid 6(8.3). Among 401 subjects, 72 subjects were diagnosed as cardiovascular problem. The prevalence of NSAIDs induced cardiovascular problem was found to be 18% Conclusion: Our study concluded that prevalence of cardiovascular risk due to administration of NSAIDs more in rural areas than in urban areas. Key words: NSAIDs, CVS risks, Prevalence.
Introduction: People with diabetes are more prone to development of infections. Elevated blood sugar levels enervate the patient’s immune system and make the patient vulnerable to infections.Assessing the prescription patterns assure quality medical care by providing feedback to the prescribers. Objectives: To assess the prevalence and the prescription pattern of antibiotics in infections associated with type II diabetes mellitus along with their quality of life. To assess the Adverse Drug Reactions associated with treatment of type-II diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the General Medicine Department of Basaveshwara Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Chitradurga for a period of 10 months. Results: In this study, a total of 300 diabetic subjects were included, out of which, 192 subjects were having infectious diseases. This study reveals association between infection and diabetes with a prevalence rate of 64%. The most commonly prescribed antibiotic was found to be ceftriaxone. The quality of life of the diabetic subjects associated with infections was found to be displeasing when assessed with a validated questionnaire. Conclusion: The study shows a higher rate of prevalence of infectious disease among diabetic subjects. It is suggested to conduct more studies on this topic. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Infectious diseases; Adverse drug reactions; Burden of disease.
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