Background: A number of studies have found a possible linkage between obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) and schizotypy. Inferential confusion (IC) can explain the reasoning processes behind both of them. The mechanisms by which some people become more or less inferentially confused are unknown. Dissociation is one of the variables that may contribute to these mechanisms. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the fitness of the proposed model about the effect of dissociative experiences on the relationship between OCS and schizotypy by considering the mediating role of IC and moderating role of negative affect (NA). Methods: Our study sample consisted of 341 students, selected using cluster sampling method. Data were analyzed using Amos-22 software by structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: The study results showed that the data were fitted with the proposed model. Findings about the negative affect’s moderating role indicated that among all paths in the model, only the IC path to OCS was moderated by negative affect. Conclusions: It was concluded that a tendency to experience dissociative states may have increased the vulnerability of individuals to IC. Inferential confusion, in turn, may have developed unusual ways of thinking about reality, which is a common feature of obsessive-compulsive spectrum and schizotypal personality traits.
Objective: Previous research has shown a relationship between schizotypal personality traits and dissociative tendencies. The Inference-Based Approach (IBA) can explain this relationship to some extent. Purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of inferential confusion in relation to dissociative experiences and schizotypal personality traits. Method: A total of 341 students from Shahed University participated in this cross-sectional study. Sampling was conducted randomly by the cluster sampling method. Data were collected using the Inferential Confusion Questionnaire (ICQ-EV), Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQ-B), and Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES-II). Data were analyzed using SPSS-22 software based on statistical methods including Pearson correlation, Baron and Kenny hierarchical regression and the Sobel test. Results: There were significant positive relationships between dissociative experiences, schizotypal personality traits, and inferential confusion (P < 0.01). Findings showed that inferential confusion mediates the relationship between dissociative experiences and schizotypal personality traits (β = 0.29; P < 0.001). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the present study, considering role of inferential confusion, succeeded in explaining the relationship between dissociative experiences and schizotypal personality traits to some extent
Objective: The relationship between obsessive-compulsive and schizotypal symptoms has been repeatedly mentioned in various studies, but the exact pattern of this relationship is still unclear. Recently, the Inference-Based Approach (IBA) tries to explain this relationship through Inferential Confusion (IC). This study aimed to determine the mediating role of inferential confusion in the relationship between different dimensions of schizotypy and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms (OCS). Methods: The study sample consisted of 341 (158 men and 183 women) university students of Shahed University, Tehran, Iran. Participants were randomly selected by cluster sampling method and completed Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQ-B), Inferential Confusion Questionnaire-Expanded Version (ICQ-EV), and Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R). The proposed model was examined by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results: Model fit indices (GFI=0.91, RMSEA=0.04, X2/df=1.54) indicated good fit. Results showed that among the three dimensions of schizotypy, only the direct effect of positive schizotypy on obsessive-compulsive symptoms (β=0.60, P<0.001) and inferential confusion (β=0.64, P<0.001) were statistically significant. Also, Bootstrap method showed that only the indirect effect of positive schizotypy on OCS was statistically significant [CI(95%)= 0.01-0.25]. Conclusion: Consistent with previous findings, it seems that the relationship between OCS and schizotypy is meaningful along the positive dimension of schizotypy and inferential confusion can explain this relationship to some extent.
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