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We observed 5387 infants over 10 years in weekly visits to a neonatal ward and obtained the following frequency data on these skin changes: erythema toxicum neonatorum, 40.8%; perianal dermatitis, 18.9%; scrotal pigmentation, 15.2%; miliaria, 8.5%; and adnexal polyp of neonatal skin, 4.1%. The frequencies of the types of birthmarks were: mongolian spots, 81.5%; salmon patches, 22.3%; nevocellular nevi, 2.7%; port-wine stains, 2.1%; strawberry marks, 1.7%; café au lait spots, 1.7% (including a case of von Recklinghausen's disease); epidermal and sebaceous nevi, 0.3%; accessory auricles, 0.3%; and smooth muscle hamartomas, 0.2%. A positive relationship was observed between infant maturity and the prevalence of erythema toxicum neonatorum. Apart from candidiasis, neonatal skin infections were extremely rare.

A case of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD) in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is reported. The patient, a 67-year-old woman, was diagnosed as having diffuse, mixed type non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, at clinical stage IIIA. She was treated with combination chemotherapy and received multiple blood transfusions for anemia and thrombocytopenia. Although white cells (WBCs) were reduced in the transfused components by WBC-reduction filters, the patient developed TA-GVHD that was confirmed by skin biopsy. It is suggested that the WBC reduction attained with these filters does not prevent TA-GVHD in immunocompromised patients. It is recommended that all blood components should be irradiated before transfusion to such patients.

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Summary.— In 2168 infants, 17 cases of strawberry mark were followed from the earliest neonatal stage. Three angiomata began as telangiectatic lesions surrounded by a pale halo; red puncta then appeared on the dilated vessels. They coalesced and became papular, and red plaques were formed. Three angiomata began as a pale patch; telangiectasia then appeared on this patch. One angioma, first seen as a bruise‐like macule. transformed into a nodular lesion. One angioma began as a simple and uniform erythema and subsequently became nodular. Two infants already showed early haemangiomata at our first examination. In 5 infants, on whom no abnormality was found within the first week of life, a strawberry mark was found later. Two pale patches in the neonatal stage remained abortive angiomata. The haemangiomatous component developed in the majority of cases between the third and fifth weeks of life.

We sent questionnaires to the major dermatological institutions in Japan concerning the course and associations of dermatomyositis (DM). Of 637 cases observed between 1973 and 1983, 68 were children. The mortality rate was 2.9% in children, 47.1% in adult males, and 30.0% in adult females. Associations with malignancies were noted in 30.1% of adults; 112 cases (19.7% of adults) died from these, but surgery improved the signs of DM in 22 cases. The main neoplasms were cancer of the stomach, lung, colon, and breast. Association with pulmonary fibrosis (PF) was observed in 85 cases (14.9% of adults) and, in spite of intensive treatment, 38 cases (6.7%) died from it. In the majority of PF cases who died within 2 months, pulmonary symptoms started within 6 months of the onset of DM. All cases of PF which occurred before the onset of DM survived. The concurrence of PF and malignancies was exceptional. Death from myocardial disease occurred in only 3 cases.

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