It was shown that full-mouth SRP using systemically administered azithromycin was a clinically and bacteriologically useful basic periodontal treatment for severe chronic periodontitis.

PM- and FM-SRP demonstrated comparable clinical and bacteriologic results.

Azithromycin is detectable in inflamed periodontal tissues >or=14 days after systemic administration; it is associated with clinical and microbiologic improvement.

FM-SRP resulted in clinical and microbiological improvement 6 weeks post-treatment, but produced a moderate systemic acute-phase response including elevated inflammatory mediators 1 day post-treatment.

Inadequate keratinized mucosa decreased cleansibility of implant sites and increased mucosal inflammation. There is a possibility that PA in implant sites caused more pronounced inflammatory response compared to contralateral tooth.

Full-mouth scaling and root planing combined with azithromycin was temporarily useful for the treatment of peri-implantitis. Clinical improvements were maintained for about 9 months but periodontal bacteria increased again 6 months after treatment.

Original paper Application of Thermography in Dentistry-Visualization of Temperature Distribution on Oral Tissues-Manabu KOMORIYAMA, Rie NOMOTO, Rin TANAKA1), Noriyasu HOSOYA2), Kazuhiro GOMI2), Fumiaki IINO2), Akihiro YASHIMA2), Yasuko TAKAYAMA3), Masahiko TSURUTA4), Hajime TOKIWA4), Kenzo KAWASAKI1), Takashi ARAI2), Toshio HOSOI3), Ayao HIRASHITA4) and Susumu HIRANO The purpose of this study was to devise and propose appropriate conditions for the photographing of thermal images in the oral cavity and to evaluate which thermography techniques can be applied to dentistry by evaluating the differences in temperature among oral tissues. Thermal images of oral cavities of 20 volunteers in normal oral condition were taken according to the guidelines of the Japanese Society of Thermography, with five added items for oral observation. The use of a mirror made it possible to take thermal images of the posterior portion or palate. Teeth, free gingiva, attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa were identified on thermal images. There were differences in temperature between teeth, free gingiva, attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa. These were nearly in agreement with the anatomical view. Thermography need no longer be restricted to the anterior portion using a mirror, and can now be applied to the dental region.

Background: Cumulative interceptive supportive therapy (CIST) is currently used as a guideline for treating peri-implant diseases. The objectives of this study were to determine the detection rate and measure the number of periodontopathic bacteria in lesions of different CIST levels and thereby characterize peri-implant disease from a bacteriological viewpoint. Methods: This study included 105 patients who had both residual natural teeth and implants with peri-implant disease. A total of 105 implants were divided into levels A, B, C and D according to the CIST classification. Bacterial samples were collected from peri-implant pockets and four periodontopathic bacteria were measured by PCR and PCR-Invader assay. Results: The number of periodontopathic bacteria increased in line with CIST level, and the detection rate was also associated with CIST level. However, no difference was found in the bacterial detection rate of P. gingivalis and T. denticola between CIST-B and CIST-C. There was a higher detection rate of all periodontopathic bacteria for CIST-D. Conclusions: The number of periodontopathic bacteria and detection rate increased as peri-implant disease advanced. However, there were no major differences in the detection rate between CIST-B and CIST-C. On the other hand, a higher detection rate of periodontopathic bacteria was seen for CIST-D.