Our review highlights lipid liquid crystal nanocarriers, essentially their design considerations and sugar-based materials for specific targeted delivery.
Optical properties of general double layer twisted and supertwisted nematic liquid crystal displaysTransient photocurrents in amorphous selenium (a-Se) and nematic liquid crystal (NLC) double layers have been investigated to elucidate the charge carrier transport process in NLC. It is shown that the transient photocurrents obtained in the experiment are space-charge limited currents induced by the delayed charge injection from the a-Se layer to the NLC layer. The mobile charge carriers are found to be positive ions with the drift mobility of 3.5 X 10e6 cm'N s at 303 K and the ionic radius of 0.32 nm in 4-cyano-4'-alkyl-biphenyl.The origin of the ions is briefly discussed. 0 I995American Institute if Physics. -J.
Measurements of discharging current transients in pentyl cyanobiphenyl liquid crystals have been made at various applied voltages and temperatures.A prominent peak in the discharging transient is observed in both nematic and isotropic phase. A computer simulation based upon a random-walk method has been also carried out in order to explore the origin of such an anomalous peak. It is concluded that the occurrence of the anomalous peak is ascribed to a relaxation of an applied-electricfield-induced nonuniform distribution of space charges due to impurity ions incorporated in the liquid crystals.
The peculiarities in the dynamic of the director reorientation in a liquid crystal (LC) film under the influence of the electric E field directed at an angle α to the magnetic B field have been investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Time-resolved deuterium NMR spectroscopy is employed to investigate the field-induced director dynamics. Analysis of the experimental results, based on the predictions of hydrodynamic theory including both the director motion and fluid flow, provides an evidence for the appearance of the spatially periodic patterns in 4-n-pentyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl LC film, at the angles α>60∘, in response to the suddenly applied E. These periodic distortions produce a lower effective rotational viscosity. This gives a faster response of the director rotation than for a uniform mode, as observed in our NMR experiment.
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