The removal of Iron from produced water using adsorbent materials is taking a space of attention from the perspective of researchers. In this work, the characterization of chemically modified silica used as Iron ions adsorbent using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser granularity instrument was performed. The point of zero charge (PZC) of modified silica was determined using titration method. Different parameters were used to better approach Iron removal. These parameters are 0.2 and 0.4 mg/l modified silica adsorbent dose, 30-180 min adsorption time and pH values of 4-10. The results showed that modified silica exhibited higher removal efficiency of Iron due to its surface characteristics. The results also showed that at 60 min adsorption time and pH 7, the maximum Iron removal efficiency with 99.99% and 99.98% was obtained using modified silica dose of 0.4 mg/l and 0.2 mg/l, respectively.
Challenges in joining sheet metals can be encountered using traditional friction welding and the solution is achieved by friction crush welding. In this work, the influence of flanged edge heights (2, 2.5 and 3 mm) and gaps (0.5 and 1 mm) between Cu sheets of Cu-Cu joints on the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. The welding experiments were performed using tool rotational speed of 1500 rpm and feed rate of 150 mm/min. Optical microscope, SEM, hardness and tensile tests were used to evaluate Cu-Cu joints successfully. The results indicated that the significant characteristics of Cu-Cu joints were obtained using 2.5 mm flanged edge height and 0.5 mm gap between Cu sheets. These characteristics were 66 HV hardness and 118 MPa tensile strength. Fracture surface analysis of FCWed joints indicated the brittle-ductile mixed fracture mechanism.
In this study, continuous wave CO2 laser with 1.7 and 2 kW were used to deposit clad layers of premixed powders of either Ni-10 wt% Al or Ni-30 wt% Al onto inconel 617 substrate. Different cladding traverse speeds in the range 1 to 35 mm/s were used for premixed clad powder of Ni-10 wt% Al and 1.65 to 11.2 mm/s for premixed clad powder of Ni-30 wt% Al. Two powder feeding rates were used, 10 and 8.9 gm/min for premixed clad powders of Ni-10 wt% Al and Ni-30 wt% Al respectively. The other laser independent variables were selected to be constant. The results showed that different percentages of area dilution were found ranging from 3.7 to 78.3% for premixed clad powder of Ni-10 wt% Al and 6.9 to 41 % for premixed clad powder of Ni-30 wt% Al depending on the laser cladding independent variables used. Furthermore, dilution was affected mainly by cladding traverse speeds.
Friction crush welding applications (FCW) provides versatile applications in sheet metals welding. In this work, different tool rotational speeds (220, 410, 920, 1500 rpm) and feed rates (20, 43, 80,150 mm/min) were used to weld oxygen-free copper sheets with flanged edges. Evaluation of Cu-Cu joints was performed successfully using optical microscope, vickers hardness and tensile test. The results showed that the microstructure was significantly influenced by welding parameters used. Different defects were recognized in the welding zone. The highest hardness of 63 HV and tensile strength of 105 MPa were obtained at tool rotational speed of 1500 rpm and feed rate of 115 mm/min.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.