Social phobia is a mental health problem that has been repeatedly linked with adolescents. This study therefore investigated the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment therapy (ACT) on social phobia among secondary school adolescents in Oyo State, Nigeria. The study adopted a pretest – posttest control group quasi experimental design. The sample comprised of 104 secondary school adolescents identified with some levels of social phobia from the two randomly selected schools among the three senatorial districts of Oyo State. The selected students, grouped by schools and subsequently, treatment groups, were 51 and 53 for the control and experimental groups, respectively. The experimentation spanned a period of eight weeks, with ACT administered to the experimental group and placebo of leadership styles administered to the control group. The Social Phobia Inventory (SPI) was adopted and used for screening and in pretest and posttest stages. A statistical hypothesis was formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance by means of the Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). It was found that treatment with ACT significantly reduced the level of social phobia among school-going adolescents. ACT was therefore recommended for use in relieving school-going adolescents suffering from social phobia.
Formal work organizations are created to produce goods and services and to pursue dominant goals that individuals acting alone cannot achieve. However, the importance of some factors in the achievement of this objective cannot be overemphasized. This study examines the contribution of work environment, organisational culture, to employees' job performance. Ex-post facto research design was adopted. Proportional stratified and simple random sampling techniques were utilized to select 500 participants from three oil companies in River State, Nigeria (Agip = 150, Schlumberger = 185, Nigerian Agip exploration = 165). Two standardized self-report questionnaires were used for data generation. Two hypotheses were raised and tested using multiple regression and t-test statistics. Findings revealed among others that the two predictor variables (work environment and organisational culture) combined and individually, predicted the criterion variable (job performance). Based on the findings of this study, a number of recommendations were made among which are: employers of labour should provide suitable work environment for increased job performance of employees; and make the organizational culture favourable so as to enhance productivity of the work force.
Introducción. Este estudio pretendía determinar la eficacia combinada y relativa de la auto-eficacia, el comportamiento que admite los riesgos, y la salud mental sobre la iniciativa para el crecimiento personal de los alumnos universitarios.Método. El diseño de investigación expo-facto se usó para llevar el estudio. La técnica de muestreo al azar estratificado se usó para seleccionar 425 participantes a partir de 6 faculta-des de la Universidad Olabisi Onabanjo, de Ago Iwoye, en el Estado de Ogun, Nigeria. Edad de los participantes oscilaba entre 19 y 29 años. La edad media y la desviación típica de los participantes eran de 22.40 y 4.56 respectivamente, varones = 175 y mujeres = 250. Se recogieron los datos a partir de cuatro instrumentos validados. Medidas estadísticas de análisis de regresión múltiple por pasos (stepwise) y t-test se utilizaron para analizar los datos.Resultados. Los resultados indicaron que el comportamiento que admite riesgos y la auto-eficacia juntos predecían 8.7% de la varianza de la iniciativa para el crecimiento personal de los alumnos universitarios. La salud mental no servía para predecir la iniciativa para el crecimiento personal. Sin embargo, el comportamiento que admite riesgos, la auto-eficacia, y la salud mental correlacionaba positivamente entre ellos, y también con la iniciativa para el crecimiento personal.Conclusiones. Basándose en este hallazgo, se sugiere que el fomento de los comportamientos que admiten riesgos y de la auto-eficacia de los alumnos universitarios estimularía la iniciativa para el crecimiento personal que se desea para la transformación social de los países del tercer mundo.
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