Using a sedimentation method, the extracted starch from Dioscorea hispida tuber was characterized for their morphological, thermal and other physicochemical properties such as total starch content, moisture content, pH, water binding capacity (WBC), solubility and swelling power. The starch content extracted from the tuber was 11.46% with the WBC and moisture content were 107% and 249% respectively. Results showed the starch solubility and swelling power gradually increased with the increasing of temperature ranging from 65°C to 95°C. Under a scanning electron microscope (SEM), it was observed the starch granules have polyhedral shapes and their size between 1.3 μm to 4.3 μm. The results obtained from differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) showed the starch transition temperature (To, Tp and Tc) were 74.54°C, 79.35°C and 83.36°C whereas, enthalpy of gelatinization (∆Hgel) was 4.12 Jg -1 . This research identify that starch from D. hispida has unique properties which can be used as a new starch source for various applications.
Abstract. The research investigated the effects of acrylic acid (monomer) and N,N,-methylenebisacrylamide, MBA (crosslinker) toward the percentage of gel content, swelling ratio and ionic strength of a starch-based hydrogel. Starch grafted on poly (sodium acrylate), St-g-PAANa hydrogel was prepared by incorporating starch extracted from Dioscorea hispida in NaOH/aqueous solution using different composition of acrylic acid (AA) and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) in the presence of potassium persulfate (KPS) as chemical initiator. The highest gel content was observed at 1:30 ratio of starch to AA and 0.10 M of MBA. Results showed the highest swelling ratio was observed at 1:15 ratio of starch to acrylic acid and 0.02 M of MBA solution. The same results also gave the highest swelling ratio for the ionic strength study. The FTIR analysis was also conducted in order to confirm the grafting of AA onto starch backbone.
AbstrakDalam kajian ini, hidrogel berasaskan kanji daripada ubi Stemona curtisii disintesis melalui kaedah pempolimeran radikal bebas menggunakan penyinaran gelombang mikro. Dalam kajian ini terdapat 3 jenis hidrogel dengan nisbah kanji kepada akrilamida yang berbeza dianalisis iaitu 1:3, 1:4 dan 5:3. Berdasarkan kepada ujian pembengkakan, hidrogel 1:3 mempunyai peratus pembengkakan paling tinggi dan ini dibuktikan dengan keputusan yang diperolehi daripada Mikroskop Pengimbas Elektron (SEM) di mana mikrograf SEM mempamerkan saiz liang pada hidrogel 1:3 adalah yang paling besar. Analisis menggunakan Spektroskopi Inframerah Transformasi Fourier-Jumlah Pantulan Teratenuat (ATR-FTIR) menunjukkan kehadiran puncak pada 1112 cm -1 , 1152 cm -1 dan 1150 cm -1 pada hidrogel 1:4, 1:3 dan 5:3 masing-masing yang menandakan pembentukan ikatan C-O-C hasil daripada proses pempolimeran taut silang. Analisis menggunakan Difraktometer Sinar-X (XRD) pula menunjukkan bahawa ketiga -tiga jenis hidrogel adalah amorfus. Kalorimeter Pengimbas Kebedaan (DSC) pula memberikan maklumat bahawa semua bahan yang digunakan untuk sintesis hidrogel adalah pada tahap kebolehcampuran yang baik dan hidrogel 1:4 menunjukkan suhu peralihan kaca (T g ) yang paling tinggi. Daripada termogram TGA/DTG pula, hidrogel 5:3 didapati lebih stabil terhadap haba berbanding hidrogel yang lain. Keputusan ujian Tegangan menggunakan Mesin Ujian Universal (UTM) telah mendapati bahawa hidrogel berasaskan kanji Ubi Stemona curtisii yang disintesis mempunyai potensi untuk diaplikasikan sebagai pembalut luka. Dalam ujian ini, hidrogel 1:4 yang mempunyai kandungan kanji yang paling rendah telah menunjukkan nilai modulus elastik Young yang paling tinggi. Kata kunci: Stemona curtisii, hidrogel, pempolimeran radikal bebas, gelombang mikro AbstractIn this study, hydrogel based on starch of Stemona curtisii was synthesized via free radical polymerization method by using microwave irradiation. In this study, there were three type of hydrogels formulated with different type of starch to acryamide been anaylyzed which were 1:3, 1:4 and 5:3. Based on swelling test, hydrogel with 1:3 was reported to have the highest swelling percentage where this is prove by Scanning Electron Microscope result. The SEM micrograph shows that hydrogel 1:3 have the largest pores size compare to the other two types of hydrogels. The polymerization reaction has been proven to occur successfully based on the analysis using Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Cross-linking polymerization process was determine by the present of peak at 1112 cm -1 , 1152 cm -1 and 1150 cm -1 in hydrogels 1:4, 1:3 and 5:3 respectively which indicate the formation of C-O-C bond.X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) results showed that all starch-based hydrogels were amorphous. Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) gave information that all the blending materials for hydrogel synthesis were of good miscibility and the hydrogel 1:4 was found to have the highest glass transition temperature. F...
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