Porang (Amorphallus muelleri Blume) is one type of tuber plant that has the potential to be developed in Indonesia. Porang plants have been reported to contain chemical compounds that have antioxidant activity. This research was conducted on the leaves of the porang plant with the aim of knowing the antioxidant activity, characterization, and phytochemical profile of the compounds contained therein. Compound identification and characterization were performed using standard methods, and antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH (1,1- Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl ) method. The results of the identification of chemical compounds showed that the ethanol extract of porang leaves contained chemical compounds of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. The results of the examination of the simplicia characterization of porang leaves included the soluble ethanol content of 33.93%, the water soluble extract content of 17.3%, the ash content of 5.58%, the acid insoluble ash content of 0.235% and the water content of 8%. From the results of the simplicia characterization, it shows that the results meet the specified requirements. The results showed that the ethanol extract of porang leaves had antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 93.04 µg/mL, which in this case is included in the category of strong antioxidant activity. Meanwhile, as a comparison, Vitamin C was used, which has an IC50 value of µg/mL, which is included in the category of very strong antioxidant activity.
One of the causes of infection was bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus. Torch ginger has been widely used to treat dwaseases caused by bacteria. Torch ginger has been studied to have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The purpose of thwas study was to formulate an ointment preparation of ethanol extract of torch ginger and to see if the ointment preparations had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The research method used in thwas research was experimental True, covering the stages: making of ethanol extract of kecombrang flower with maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent, ointment formulation made with ointment base: vaseline, adeps lanae, and propylene glycol. Made in three concentrations of extracts namely: F I with 100 mg, F II with 200 mg, and F III with 300 mg. Furthermore, the evaluation of the preparation of evaluation of physical stability and homogeneity, and test of antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with diffusion method to use Kirby odor dwasc paper. The results showed that the ointment had good physical stability and homogeneity for 30 days of storage at room temperature. The antibacterial activity test of the ointment shows that the inhibitory diameter F I has an average of 16.45 mm, F II has an average of 18.60 mm and F III has an average of 21.12 mm. Based on the results obtained it can be concluded that the preparation of the ethanol extract of torch ginger has an inhibitory power to Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. In the next research was expected to pay attention to the growing area of torch ginger and to compare the antibacterial activity between petal flowers and flower seeds using Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
Telah dilakukan penelitian senyawa nitrit yang terdapat pada ikan asin yang dijual di daerah sekitar Belawan, Medan dan Sibolga. Analisis senyawa nitrit dilakukan dengan metode spektrofotometri Uv-Vis yang dapat digunakan untuk menetapkan kadar natrium nitrit dalam ikan asin. Metode ini didasarkan pada reaksi diazotasi antara asam nitrit (dari natrium nitrit dalam suasana asam) dengan amin aromatis primer (asam sulfanilat) membentuk garam diazonium. Selanjutnya direaksikan dengan naftiletilendiamin membentuk senyawa berwarna dan diukur absorbansinya pada panjang gelombang 420,00 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar rata-rata natrium nitrit yang terdapat pada sampel ikan asin yang berasal dari Belawan sebesar 40,34 mg/kg dan pada ikan asin yang berasal dari Medan sebesar 21,32 mg/kg dan pada ikan asin yang berasal dari Sibolga sebesar 30,58 mg/kg. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kadar rata-rata natrium nitrit yang terdapat pada sampel tersebut tidak melebihi batas maksimum penggunaan natrium nitrit sesuai Permenkes No.722/Menkes/Per/IX/88 tentang bahan tambahan makanan yaitu 125 mg/kg dan amandemen Internasional tentang penggunaan pengawet natrium nitrit dengan batas maksimum 150 mg/kg.
The Absorption Ratio method involves measuring the absorbance at two wavelengths, namely the iso-absorptive point and the maximum wavelength. Its method could be an option in determining the level of a drug. The aim of this study was to determine whether the absorption ratio method can be used to determine the levels of paracetamol (PCT), propyphenazone (PRO) and caffeine (CAF) in tablet form. The absorption ratio method was used to determine the levels of the mixed drug compound without the separation stage and using the maximum wavelength and iso-absorptif point. The result of the study showed that the absorption ratio method used to solve multicomponent problems in tablet form can be performed and satisfy the validation requirements of the method according to international Conference on Harmonization Q2 (R1) (ICH) guidelines. The absorption ratio method was a simple and accurate to be used determine PCT, PRO, CAF in tablet form.
Keywords : Paracetamol, propyphenazone, caffeine, absorption ratio
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