El presente artículo aborda la implementación de la transición energética y la gestión de un parque eólico en el plano local, por medio de un acercamiento etnográfico en un pueblo del noroeste del estado mexicano de Yucatán. El caso de estudio da cuenta de las estrategias de las empresas e instancias gubernamentales y la recepción de miembros de la comunidad frente a las incertidumbres y la falta de información. A través del planteamiento de las empresas de energías renovables como neoextractivistas, se nos permite vislumbrar la importancia que adquiere la educación ambiental en la resolución de conflictos y la comprensión y reconocimiento de la agencia de las comunidades interpeladas por los megaproyectos energéticos en defensa de sus territorios de régimen comunal.
O presente artigo aborda a implementação da transição energética e a gestão de um parque eólico no plano local, por meio de uma abordagem etnográfica em um povo do noroeste do estado mexicano de Yucatán. O estudo de caso dá conta das estratégias das empresas e instâncias governamentais, e a recepção de membros da comunidade diante das incertezas e da falta de informação. Através do estabelecimento das empresas de energias renováveis como neoextrativistas, permite que vislumbremos a importância que adquire a educação ambiental na resolução de conflitos, a compreensão e o reconhecimento da agência comunitária, questionada pelos megaprojetos energéticos na defesa de seus territórios de regime comunal.
The present paper approaches the implementation of energetic transition and the managing of a wind farm on the local plan, by means of an ethnographic approach on people from the Northwestern Mexican state of Yucatán. The case study handles the companies’ and governance instances’ strategies, as well as the reception of members of the community in face of uncertainties and lack of information. By means of the stablishing of renewable energy companies as neoextrativists, it is allowed to us to observe the importance environmental education achieves on conflict resolutions, comprehension and the acknowledgement of the community agency, questioned by the megaprojects for energy on defense of their territories of communal regime.
Andrés Manuel López Obrador’s government in Mexico is self-denominated as a «postneoliberal» and «leftist» regime. However, its core strategic projects clearly belong to the former mainstream of extractivist and neocolonial geopolitics which tend to generate socioenvironmental conflicts and territorial defense by local stakeholders. This paper, as a result of interdisciplinary research carried out by the Intercolegial Research Group on Political Ecology of Mexico City’s Autonomous University, address the Maya Train case, a land-use planning project that promotes predator extractivist capital advance towards relatively isolated territories, even protected by environmental laws. It is also described the Consejo Regional Indígena y Popular de Xpujil’s (CRIPX’s) resistance as a clear demonstration of «ecologism of the poor» and the global environmental justice movement.
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