Background and Objectives:Our aim is to investigate the anxiety status of the patient before elective cholecystectomy and to analyze the relation between the level of anxiety for a given operation type (laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy) and the corresponding demographic and social data.Methods:A total of 333 patients undergoing cholecystectomy due to cholelithiasis were included in the study; 218 patients (66.1%) received laparoscopic cholecystectomy and 115 patients (33.9%) were treated with open cholecystectomy. The Beck Anxiety Inventory was given to all patients to be completed. We evaluated levels of anxiety in 3 groups as follows: 0 to 15, low to mild anxiety; 16 to 25, moderate anxiety; 26 to 63, severe anxiety. The following patient information remained confidential and was recorded: age and sex, associated disease, civil status, educational status, having open/laparoscopic cholecystectomy, previous knowledge of the operation, job status, economic status, health insurance, and having a child in need of care.Results:The following criteria were determined: the most determinant factors in differentiating between the score groups were having a low level of education, being of the female sex, being single, and having laparoscopic operation; the factors of being a homemaker and over the age of 25 years were determined to have significant effects.Conclusions:When analyzing the results that may appear during the intraoperative and postoperative period, understanding preoperative anxiety, analyzing the risk factors in depth, and taking the necessary precautions are all considerations that need to be the primary objectives of operators who are involved with laparoscopic, endoscopic, and robotic surgery.

Strangulated femoral hernia is a common surgical emergency. The contents of the hernial sac commonly include omentum and small bowel, but, occasionally, strangulation of other organs such as Meckel's diverticulum, stomach, ovary, or appendix may occur, resulting in unusual clinical presentations. We report of a case with strangulated femoral hernia containing the uterus and both ovaries, and this is the first report of such a case. We believe that it is important to take into consideration herniation of the uterus and ovaries with omentum or small bowel into the femoral canal to prevent various complications related to the reproductive functions of the patient.

No abstract

The presence of the male gonad in a patient who appears outwardly as a female is a hallmark of testicular feminization, where peripheral target organs are resistant to androgens. A 62-yearold woman was admitted to the hospital with a bulk in her right inguinal region complaining of pain. Due to the presence of oedematous small intestine segments, which became prolapsed from the right inguinal duct in the superficial ultrasonography of the right inguinal region, herniorrhaphy under emergency conditions was performed; after herniorrhaphy, a 1x1 cm mass was found to be stuck to a round ligament and hernia sac, and the mass was evaluated as reactive lymph node. The mass was excised and histopathological examination revealed a testicular tissue. Testicular feminization syndrome is observed in 1 out of 20.000 to 60.000 women in the general population and in between 0.8% and 2.4% of girls who have inguinal hernia. In light of this case, we agree that testicular feminization should be considered in cases of finding a bulk in the inguinal canal at every age. Additionally, to avoid medicolegal problems, providing necessary information and counseling is critically important.