This study aims to clarify the distribution of groundwater qualitative characteristics in Daqouq district within Kirkuk governorate, the study included 14 wells that were selected in the area located in the southern part of Kirkuk province, and which included different activities such as agricultural, industrial and residential to the north in the Daqouq district. Water samples were collected from the wells once every two months from December 2016 to April 2017. The physical tests were performed such as electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and chemical tests that included pH, cations such as calcium and magnesium, anions such as sulphates, nitrates and chlorides and concentrations of trace elements such as lead, cadmium and zinc were measured using standard methods. The three- dimension contour maps were drawn to illustrate the distribution of the above properties in the study area. The wells showed that the highest rate of electrical conductivity was 1600 μs/cm in W4 and the highest concentration of calcium in W5 was 260 mg/L and the highest rate of lead was 2.2 μg/L in W13, and they showed that the difference in the quality of water was according to land use, agricultural, residential or industrial, in the properties of electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, nitrates, chlorides, and trace elements.

The study aims to show effect of adding the circular perforated plates in sedimentation basin in horizontal position on the efficiency of the sedimentation basin as was the use of perforated panels with circular holes and placed inside the sedimentation basin and took two levels of turbidity of the water 125 and 150 NTU respectively in the Tigris river during the preparation of the study with variable hydraulic load and the efficiency was calculated at each case of plates in the basin where the variables that were adopted is the number of perforated panels so that the ratio of the area of holes/total area of panel is 20% , and also variation in water turbidity levels and the hydraulic load. The result showed a significant decrease in the output turbidity levels from sedimentation tank with the use of perforated panels at the raw water turbidity 150 NTU and hydraulic load between 0.9 and 1.2 m3/m2.hr were 95% higher efficiency when three panels were put and hydraulic load 0,9 m3/m2.hr, while there was fluctuation with some of hydraulic load levels at turbidity level of 125 NTU and same number of panels

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Groundwater quality is a topic that concerns millions of people because it is essential for agriculture and drinking. As a result, this paper aims to assess the groundwater quality of the northern region of Salah al-Din Governorate (Bayji as a case study) and the health risks posed by nitrate ions to infants, children, and adults living in villages. Samples were taken from 30 wells in the industrial district of the Baiji area in April 2022. Two water quality indices were applied to determine whether groundwater can be used for drinking and irrigation or not. The drinking water quality index (DWQI) found that 96.67% of the water samples were poor, and 3.33% were abysmal. Based on the values of the irrigation water quality index (IWQI), the tested water quality ranged from medium to high. In addition, the study required assessing the health risks posed by nitrate ions in the groundwater to residents. According to the oral hazard quotient (HQoral) calculation results, 93.33 and 96.67 % of the water samples were below one, indicating no health risks for children or infants. However, 6.67 and 3.33% of the total samples were above one, indicating health risks. All HQoral values were less than one when it came to the health effects of nitrates on adults, indicating that there were no risks. Because the Hazard Quotient (HQdermal) through the dermal pathway was less than one, showering posed no health risks for adults, children, or infants.