Objectives: To determine the effect of natural bioactive additives on the optical, mechanical, and surface characteristics of standard GIC. Materials and methods: The study included four tested groups: nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA), Carumcarvi L. (Caraway), (Thymus vulgaris L) Thymol, and (Sesamum Indicum L) Sesame oils, and one control. The following parameters were evaluated: Diametral tensile, shear, Compressive, bond strength, solubility, Surface Roughness, and Color Stability. Results: Mechanical characteristics decreased significantly (p ≤0.05) in all adjusted cements compositions. Solubility and sorption were increased significantly (p ≤0.05) in all amended cement formulations except HA, which showed a non-significant rise in Water Sorption% and Solubility. Color difference mean values are clinically inappropriate (E > 3.3). The mean for 1 and 3% sesame oil-modified cement was lower (3.86 1.44 and 4.11 1.70, respectively). Surface roughness showed a significant difference between groups. Conclusion: Natural bioactive additions added to traditional glass ionomer cement did not improve its mechanical, optical, or surface qualities.
Purpose: There is an immense need to develop new antiviral compounds that are effective and have little side effects. Natural compounds provide a good candidate that is gaining popularity. Probiotics as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and plant-derived medicines as star anise extract have been investigated to treat viral diseases, cancer, and inflammation. This work aimed to investigate the antiviral effect of probiotics (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum) and (star anise) against Herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1) and Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Patients and methods: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and star anise extract had been prepared and tested against vero cell lines for cytotoxicity assay. The antiviral effect of L. plantarum and star anise against HSV-1 and VSV was evaluated by titration calculation (TCID50). The expression of MX genes were measured in infected cells before and after treatment with L. plantarum and star anise. Results: We found that L. planterum is more effective against HSV-1 and caused 2.5 log reduction in virus titre while star anise extract is more effective against VSV and caused 1.25 log reduction in virus titre. Evaluation of MX genes expression revealed higher expression in HSV-1 infected cell treated with L. planterum and VSV infected cells treated with star anise extract. Conclusion: L. planterum and star anise could be useful antiviral natural compounds that have minimal side effects
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