The constant search for protection the soldier during training and participation in hostilities led us to aspire to develop types of energetic materials of a special nature that qualify them to reach the maximum levels of safety during handling, transportation and uses. In this work, we focus on one of these compounds, which is the main component of the preparation of low sensitive compositions. DNAN is an explosive with low sensitivity. Preparation of DNAN in laboratory scale was performed; explosive characterization was presented. Impact and friction sensitivities of DNAN, heat of combustion and detonation velocity were specified. TGA and DSC were used to investigate the DNAN thermal behavior under specific conditions. It was concluded that sensitivity of DNAN is lower than TNT and the chosen cyclic nitramines. The detonation properties of DNAN are slightly lower than TNT however DNAN is candidate individually or with other explosives to replace TNT in low sensitive compositions to full fill the safety and security manipulation of ammunitions.
3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) is a low sensitive high explosive which has been used in the formation of low sensitive ammunitions. In this study, the preparation method of NTO explosive was discussed. A sheet of PBX on the basis of NTO bonded by HTPB binder matrix was prepared (NTO-PBX). The formulation is investigated for explosive properties to understand the influence of NTO on the performance of the PBX sheet. Impact and friction sensitivities of NTO-PBX, heat of Combustion and Detonation velocity were specified. EXPLO5 code, version 5.04, was utilized to calculate the theoretical detonation characteristics of NTO-PBX. For comparison, Data-sheetC, EPX-1, Semtex 1A and Formex P1, were also studied. By comparing the obtained results, confirmation of some relationships was investigated. The detonation velocity of the NTO sheet explosive was the highest of all the studied samples. The experimental and calculated results of NTO-PBX and the other compositions are in a good agreement.
Replacing the inert binder by an energetic one could increase the specific impulse of the propellants and enhance the propulsion characteristics of rockets. In this study, Nitro-b hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (NHTPB) was prepared by a simple method. The prepared NHTPB in addition to HTPB binder were characterized. FTIR spectra of both HTBP and NHTPB was determined and compared. The thermal behavior of the prepared NHTPB was studied using DSC technique at heating rate 5 degree/min. A composite propellant based on AP/NHTPB was prepared and the specific impulse was measured for AP/NHTPB using two inch motor. It was concluded that the energetic nitro-hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene has a clear max. exothermic peak at 203 °C with heat release of 323 J/g. By comparing the results, the prepared propellant AP/NHTPB has specific impulse higher than the traditional AP/HTPB propellant. NHTPB is a promising binder for the application of rocket propellants and needs more tests for its approval.
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