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The composite material 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methanesulfonate ionic liquid in Syloid AL-1FP silica shows unprecedented water vapor sorption equilibrium properties. Equilibrium data were recorded at different loads of ionic liquid in the silica support (from 1.8%w to 60%w). At loadings >1.8%w, all the composites show type 3 isotherm, therefore conserving the vapor-liquid equilibrium of the bulk ionic liquid/water binary system but with increased dependence between temperature and water adsorbed. This feature makes this composite material particularly suitable for thermally-driven technologies. The composite 60%w 1-ethyl-3methylimidazolium methanesulfonate ionic liquid in 40%w Syloid AL-1FP silica shifts the performance of sorption desalination and drying processes at the unprecedented working capacity of 0.46 gwater/gsorbent (desalination) and 0.82 gwater/gsorbent (drying).

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This work investigates the application of novel sorption materials to heat-powered desalination systems. Two ionic liquids 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (Emim-Ac) and 1ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methanesulfonate (Emim-Oms) ionic liquids were impregnated in two silica supports, namely Syloid AL-1FP and Syloid 72FP. Emim-Ac and Emim-Oms composite sorbents have been compared on morphology, water vapor sorption equilibrium and heat of sorption. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy shows the ionic liquid partly organises on the silica surface. When used in a sorption desalination process powered by low grade heat at 60°C, these composites have exceptionally high theoretical working capacities ranging from 1 to 1.7 gwater gsorbent-1. Experimental tests on a lab scale desalinator show that Emim-Ac/Syloid 72FP in real operating conditions can produce 25 kgwater kgsorbent-1 day-1. To date, this yield is 2.5 times higher than the best achieved with silica gel.