Silica-Supported Ionic Liquids for Heat-Powered Sorption Desalination

Askalany, Ahmed A.; Olkis, Christopher; Bramanti, Emilia; Lapshin, Dmitry N.; Calabrese, Luigi; Proverbio, E.; Freni, Angelo; Santori, Giulio

doi:10.1021/acsami.9b07602

Cited by 31 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…76,77 Ionogels show outstanding performances at regeneration temperatures as low as 25 ∘ C. Hence, ionogels would be ideal for the ADRED process. 72,81,82 The amount of adsorption material could be reduced by a factor of four 81 to about 50 tons by using ionogels instead of silica gel in scenario 2× or 25 tons in scenario 1×. This would correspond to 2.5 − 5tons ig /MW.…”

Section: Limitations and Considerations For Industrial Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relatively low SDWP of silica gel between 4 − 8kg w /(kg sg d) highlights the need for new adsorption materials that can significantly increase the SDWP and decrease the footprint with it. For example, Askalany et al presented novel Ionogels, which are ionic liquids impregnated on a solid support structure, for example, silica gels 72 or activated carbons 73 . Moreover, improved heat exchanger designs 71 with larger UA‐parameters would reduce the cycle time and increase the SDWP as well.…”

Section: Model Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ionogels show outstanding performances at regeneration temperatures as low as 25 ∘ C. Hence, ionogels would be ideal for the ADRED process 72,81,82 …”

Section: Model Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adsorption reverse electrodialysis driven by power plant waste heat to generate electricity and provide cooling

2020

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Summary Steam power plants release more than half of the primary energy input as ultra low temperature heat below 40∘C into the environment causing thermal pollution. The emitted heat has a very low exergy content making it challenging to use as heat input by another process. Adsorption desalination combined with reverse electrodialysis can be powered by this heat and convert it into electricity. Thus, the system can mitigate thermal pollution and generate electricity at the same time. This study combines a validated reverse electrodialysis model with a dynamic adsorption desalination model that is validated with experimental data within this work. The experiments were conducted using a small‐scale adsorption desalinator and silica gel proving the feasibility of the regeneration at heat source temperatures as low as 40∘C. The simulations of the integrated system analyse different heat integration scenarios showing exergy efficiencies up to 15% and energy efficiencies up to 0.55%. Hence, the system could generate 65 kW electricity from a 20 MW heat source considering pumping losses.

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Section: Limitations and Considerations For Industrial Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adsorption reverse electrodialysis driven by power plant waste heat to generate electricity and provide cooling

2020

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“…In most examples from the literature, the temperature of decomposition of pure ionic liquids is higher than that of the confined ionic liquid. Two ionic liquids, namely 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methanesulfonate were impregnated in two silica supports [ 15 ]. The ionic liquids were found to self-organize on the silica surface, and when used in a sorption desalination process at low temperature of 60 °C, these composites show exceptionally high theoretical working capacities ranging from 1 to 1.7 g water/ g sorbent .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ionic liquids were found to self-organize on the silica surface, and when used in a sorption desalination process at low temperature of 60 °C, these composites show exceptionally high theoretical working capacities ranging from 1 to 1.7 g water/ g sorbent . Experimental tests using a laboratory scale desalinator showed that 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate on a silica support under real operating conditions can produce 25 kg water kg sorbent –1 day –1 , which is more than double of the best yield achieved with silica gel [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Butyl-Methyl-Pyridinium Tetrafluoroborate Confined in Mesoporous Silica Xerogels: Thermal Behaviour and Matrix-Template Interaction

et al. 2021

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Organic-inorganic silica composites have been prepared via acid catalyzed sol-gel route using tetramethoxysilan (TMOS) and methyl-trimethoxysilane (MTMS) as silica precursors and n-butyl-3-methylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate ([bmPy][BF4]) as co-solvent and pore template, by varying the content of the ionic liquid (IL). Morphology of the xerogels prepared using the ionic liquid templating agent were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Thermal analysis has been used in order to evaluate the thermal and structural stability of the materials, in both nitrogen and synthetic air atmosphere. In nitrogen atmosphere, the IL decomposition took place in one step starting above 150 °C and completed in the 150–460 °C temperature interval. In synthetic air atmosphere, the IL decomposition produced two-step mass loss, mainly in the 170–430 °C temperature interval. The decomposition mechanism of the IL inside the silica matrix was studied by mass spectrometric evolved gas analysis (MSEGA). The measurements showed that the degradation of the IL’s longer side chain (butyl) starts at low temperature (above 150 °C) through a C-N bond cleavage, initiated by the nucleophilic attack of a fluorine ion.

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Confinement–Unconfinement Transformation of ILs in IL@MOF Composite with Multiple Adsorption Sites for Efficient Water Capture and Release

Han

Yang

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Inter

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However, these adsorbents have obvious drawbacks in balancing the adsorption capacity and desorption conditions because of too weak or too strong hydrophilicity. [21] Therefore, it is necessary to develop novel porous functional materials with efficient water capture and release performance from atmosphere.Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a class of porous materials by self-assembly of inorganic metal clusters and organic linkers. They have high porosities and internal surface areas, as well as diversity in chemistry and structure. [24] As a result of these attractive features, MOFs are promising candidates to capture water. Recently, there is a growing interest to search novel MOFs to achieve high water uptakes. [22,25] For example, at the low relative humidity relating to water harvesting in the desert, Yaghi et al. demonstrated that substantial progress has been made in some materials, such as MOF-801, [26] and MOF-303. [27,28] At the high relative humidity, Zhao et al. utilized PNIPAM@MIL-101(Cr) to obtain high water adsorption (RH = 96%, 440 wt%). [16] In the range of test pressure, the high water adsorption capacity is mainly attributed to the specific surface area and pore volume of MOF. For instance, the water adsorption capacity of Cr-soc-MOF-1 is almost 200 wt% due to the specific surface area of 4590 m 2 g −1 and pore volume of 2.1 cm 3 g −1 , while further improvement of uptake is hindered by the limitation of pore volume. [29] Meanwhile, the release of adsorbed water is important from the practical point of view. [15] Considering the preferred low-grade waste heat sources or even low-cost solar resources, the ideal condition is that the desorption temperature should be lower than 323 K. [30][31][32] Unfortunately, the reported regeneration temperatures of most MOF materials are higher than expected. To address these challenges, developing solid-liquid hostguest composites (SLHGCs) may be a possible solution. It uses solid as the main material and functional liquid as the guest one. Porous solid material can provide limited space and strong capillary force for carrying functional liquid. [33] As a kind of functional liquid, ionic liquids (ILs) are rich in polar groups and adsorption sites, [34,35] and nano-confined ILs by loading ILs into porous materials can be a versatile strategy to prepare composites with a combination of their favorable characteristics. The impregnation of ILs inside the Water adsorption based on porous materials is of fundamental importance in atmospheric water harvesting and dehumidification. Herein, a [BOHmim] [Zn 2 Cl 5 ]@MIL-101(Cr) composite with multiple adsorption sites is designed to enhance the water adsorption capacity. It is interesting to observe that there is a water-responsive confinement-unconfinement transformation of ionic liquids (ILs) during the water adsorption and release process. Thus, it can simultaneously overcome the limitation of pore volume in traditional porous materials, and the problem of mass transfer in pure ILs. As a result, the ob...

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Silica-Supported Ionic Liquids for Heat-Powered Sorption Desalination

Cited by 31 publications

References 54 publications

Adsorption reverse electrodialysis driven by power plant waste heat to generate electricity and provide cooling

Adsorption reverse electrodialysis driven by power plant waste heat to generate electricity and provide cooling

Butyl-Methyl-Pyridinium Tetrafluoroborate Confined in Mesoporous Silica Xerogels: Thermal Behaviour and Matrix-Template Interaction

Confinement–Unconfinement Transformation of ILs in IL@MOF Composite with Multiple Adsorption Sites for Efficient Water Capture and Release

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