This research aims to investigate the extent of social and environmental disclosure (SED) in corporate annual reports. Specifically, This is an exploratory study designed to examine the relationship between corporate social and environmental disclosure (CSED) and corporate attributes and firm-specific factors in a developing country, Iran. In order to do this, we use content analysis approach with sentence count for the level of disclosure measurement by looking into the annual reports of the 66 listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The Panel analysis and econometric software EVIEWS 6 are used for analyzing data. The Results show that there is significant positive relationship between company size and level of CSED also there is significant negative relationship between environment sensitive industries and level of CSED. However, we did not find any relationship between profitability and the level of CSED.
The amount of the fee is considered on the one hand a reason for the auditor's efforts and on the other hand a symbol for the loss of his independence. Aim of the study is to investige the effect of normal and abnormal fee and auditor dependence on corporate social resposibility has been investigated. Stackholder characterstics theory such as stockholder, employees, governement and creditors is considered as a proxy for corporate social resoponnsibiliy. The research data includes historical data of 118 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during 2011-2020. The results indicate that abnormal fees and economic dependence of the auditor have a significant negative and audit fee have a positive impact on corporate social resposibility. In general, due to the negative effect of the abnormal fee and the economic dependence of the auditor on corporate social resposibility, it confirms audit fee is a important measure in mantaning stackholders rights in firms.
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