Given the increasing importance of liquidity, factors affecting cash holdings have attracted many researchers. In this study, using data from the financial statements of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE), 76 companies are selected as samples. The impact of accruals quality on cash holdings are evaluated using 11 control variables for the period between the years 2003 to 2009 through multivariate linear regression. The results show that the effect of discretionary accrual quality, leverage, capacity to generate cash flows, dividend, debt maturity structure, growth options and financial distress on cash holdings is not statistically significant. On the other hand, non-discretionary accruals quality, size, bank debt,

The amount of the fee is considered on the one hand a reason for the auditor's efforts and on the other hand a symbol for the loss of his independence. Aim of the study is to investige the effect of normal and abnormal fee and auditor dependence on corporate social resposibility has been investigated. Stackholder characterstics theory such as stockholder, employees, governement and creditors is considered as a proxy for corporate social resoponnsibiliy. The research data includes historical data of 118 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during 2011-2020. The results indicate that abnormal fees and economic dependence of the auditor have a significant negative and audit fee have a positive impact on corporate social resposibility. In general, due to the negative effect of the abnormal fee and the economic dependence of the auditor on corporate social resposibility, it confirms audit fee is a important measure in mantaning stackholders rights in firms.

The purpose of this study is the comparative investigation of difference between ownership structure and cost of capital in capitalized and levered companies of TSE. The population of this study is 81 listed companies in the TSE during the period of 2003 to 2009. Studied variables in this study include ownership structure as independent variable that it is divided into two variables, type of ownership and the degree of ownership concentration. Ownership type in this study is divided into four classes including governmental, institutional, individual and private ownership. In addition, Hrfyndal-Hyrshmn index (HHI) is used for calculation of ownership concentration ratio. Cost of capital is considered as dependent variable. Finally, the hypotheses are tested using Multivariate Analysis of Variance (Manova). Based on the research results, governmental and private institutional ownership increase average cost of capital in levered companies more than capitalized companies and private individual ownership results in reduction of average cost of capital in levered companies more than capitalized companies. Also, based on the research results, concentration of ownership reduces of cost of capital in capitalized companies more than levered companies, however, diffused ownership increases average cost of capital in capitalized companies than levered companies.

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The aim of this study is to conduct a comparative investigation of investment and manufacturing company's portfolio with an emphasis on market return in firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Statistical sample of the research includes 14 investment firms and 14 manufacturing companies which are studied during the period of 2005 to 2009. Jensen model is used to calculate exceed return over market. The results indicate that both investment and manufacturing companies obtain higher return than market return. However, the return obtained by investment firms is higher than manufacturing companies indicating that investment firms have better performance than both market return and manufacturing firms.