This study aims to develop a question instrument that able to measure students' high order thinking skills. The sample used in this study involved 3 expert validators, 2 user practitioners, 60 students in the limited test and 125 students in the field test. Data results were analyzed using the Quest program. The results of the study show that the characteristics of the assessment of high order thinking ability of students have validity with a "sufficient" minimum interpretation and have sufficient reliability. Validity with minimum interpretation is adequate, reliability is good, level of difficulty of questions with proportion of 1.6% is easy, 58.4% is moderate and 40% is difficult for multiple choice questions and 0% is easy, 50% is moderate and 50% is difficult for essay questions. The profile of the product score assessment to measure students' high order thinking skills is as follows: State High School B with a high order thinking skills scores reached 71.61, then continued with State High School D with a score of 66.03, State High School C with a score of 65.46, State High School E with a score of 63.69, and the last one is State High School A with a score of 60.26. Overall with the number of students 125 people have an average score of 65.41. So the high school that have a highest score is State High School B in profile assessment.

This research aims to examine whether there is an influence of self-confidence in students' motivation to achievement in science lesson in elementary schools. This is a field research, where the researchers are involved directly down to the place of research to collect the data relevant to the indicators in the research objectives, which classifies this as a field research with a correlational quantitative approach. Correlational quantitative research is research to determine the level of relations between two or more variables, without making changes, additions, or manipulations of data that already exists. The data analysis techniques was done by observations and questionnaires instruments. Based on the results of analysis with manual calculations,  the R Square correlation coefficient is 0.39 or 39% which means that self-confidence affects student motivation for achievement, while the rest is influenced by other variables of 61% that were not examined. This indicates that the variations of confidence with motivation of achievement is 39%. Based on the calculation, the tcount valued 2.898> from ttable, with dk=48, worth 2.011 which means there is an influence of confidence (X) to motivation for achievement (Y).  The hypothesis for Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected.

Cardiovascular diseases contributed to 353 million disability-adjusted life years globally in 2016, of which 44% were attributed to smoking (Gakidou et al., 2017; Naghavi et al., 2017). Similarly, smoking was among the top contributors to disability-adjusted life years in Indonesia in 2017, particularly among males (Mboi et al., 2018). Smoking prevalence among men (15+ years) is among the highest in the world at 67%, while that among boys (13-14 years) is high at 36.2% (Ministry of Health, 2011; World Health Organization, 2018). The smoke-free policy (SFP), recommended by the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, has been among the most effective policy against smoking. Previous studies showed that it is associated with reduced smoking rates in the United States, reduced indoor smoking in the United Kingdom, lowered secondhand smoke exposure in New Zealand, reduced myocardial mortality in Belgium, and increased indoor air quality in 15 countries in North America and Europe (

This study aims to determine the increase in learning outcomes of students in 4th grade Seluma 28th Public Elementary School on natural science subjects classifying animals by using the inquiry method. The research subjects 18 students, consisting of 10 male students and 8 female students. This type of research is classroom action research. This research consists of three stages, namely 1). Planning, 2). Actions, 3). Observation, and 4) Reflection. This research was conducted in three cycles, namely Pre-Cycle, Cycle I, and Cycle II. The data collection technique was carried out by observing what was done by the teacher and the supervisor 2. From the results of the research conducted, it was seen an increase in student learning outcomes from each cycle. In the pre-cycle implementation, the average value of student learning outcomes is 64.44 with 50% completeness. In cycle I the average value of student learning outcomes is 76.11 with 72% completeness. In cycle II the average value of student learning outcomes is 88.89 with 100% completeness. From the results of this learning improvement study, it can be seen that the application of the inquiry method to the subjects of Natural Sciences classifying Animals can improve the learning outcomes of Grade IV students at SD Negeri 28 Seluma.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 28 Seluma pada mata pelajaran IPA pokok bahasan Menggolongkan Hewan dengan menggunakan metode inquiry. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa-siswi kelas IV SD Negeri 28 Seluma yang berjumlah 18 orang yang terdiri atas 10 siswa laki-laki dan 8 siswi perempuan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga tahapan yaitu 1) Perencanaan, 2) Tindakan, 3) Observasi, dan 4) Refleksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam tiga siklus, yaitu Pra Siklus, Siklus I, dan Siklus II. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara melakukan observasi yang dilakukan oleh guru dan supervisor 2. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan terlihat adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dari setiap siklus. Pada pelaksanaan pra siklus, nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa 64,44 dengan ketuntasan 50%. Pada siklus I nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa 76,11 dengan ketuntasan 72%. Pada siklus II nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa 88,89 dengan ketuntasan 100%. Dari hasil penelitian perbaikan pembelajaran ini terlihat bahwa penerapan metode inquiry pada mata pelajaran IPA pokok bahasan Menggolongkan Hewan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 28 Seluma.Kata Kunci: Metode Inquiry: IPA; Hasil belajar; Penggolongan Hewan.

AbstrakProblem solving adalah metode belajar di mana siswa dilatih memiliki kemampuan merumuskan permasalahan yang kompleks dan membuat sejumlah solusi untuk kemudian merefleksikan solusi tersebut dari berbagai sudut pandang. Sintak dari Problem Solving adalah (1) pendidikan dan peserta didik menyusun permasalahan sebagai bahan belajar, (2) pendidik menjelaskan kegiatan yang akan dilakukan oleh peserta didik, (3) peserta didik baik secara individu/kelompok mendapat sebuah bahan pemecahan masalah yang sama, (4) pada ahir kegiatan belajar pendidik/peserta ditunjuk menyimpulkan dan (5) pendidik dan peserta didik melakukan evaluasi proses dan hasil. Jurnal yang mendukung berjudul Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Problem Solving Model Polya Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Memecahkan Masalah. Tree Diagram(diagram pohon) adalah sebuah tipe diagram secara spesifik yang memiliki topologi network (hubungan) yang unik. (1) masalah utama dijabarkan ke dalam masalah yang lebih kecil, (2) masalah yang sudah dijabarkan itu kemudian dijabarkan lagi ke masalah yang lebih kecil, (3) mengadakan identifikasi jaringan hubungan komponen-komponen yang ada. Dukungan peneliti berjudul Aplikasi Network Pohon Dalam Tree Diagram. Pokok bahasan materi karena keanekaragaman hayati merupakan prinsip klasifikasi dan siswa dapat menafsirkan dan merupakan kompetensi yang terkait dengan KPS. Keanekaragaman hayati mempunyai nilai rendah 49,72. Melalui Problem Solving dan Diagram Pohon diharapkan dapat mendorong kemampuan berfikir logis dan kemampuan menafsirkan. Kesimpulan dari Problem Solving dan Diagram Pohon diharapkan dapat diterapkan dalam pembelajaran terutama pada materi keanekaragaman hayati untuk dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir logis dan kemampuan menafsirkan. Saran perlu dilaksanakan penelitian tentang penggunaan model Problem Solving dan tehnik Diagram Pohon untuk memberdayakan berfikir logis dan menafsirkan. AbstractProblem solving is a learning method in which students are trained to have the ability to form complex problems and make a number of solutions to then reflect on these solutions from various perspectives. The syntax of Problem Solving is (1) education and students develop problems as learning material, (2) educators explain the activities to be carried out by students, (3) students either individually / in groups receive a problem solving material, ( 4) at the end of the learning activity the educator / participant is appointed to conclude and (5) the educator and the students evaluate the process and results. Supporting journals entitled Application of Learning Methods Problem Solving Polya Model to Improve Problem Solving Ability. Tree Diagram (tree diagram) is a specific type of diagram that has a unique network topology (relationship). (1) the main problem is translated into a smaller problem, (2) the problem that has been described is then elaborated into a smaller problem, (3) establishing a network identification of the relationships of existing components. The support of the researcher is titled the Tree Network Appl...