Coffee shops are today's businesses with good and competitive prospects in providing customer satisfaction and building customer loyalty. This study aims to analyze the relationship between service quality and product quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty, the relationship between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty, and the relationship between product and service quality and customer loyalty mediated by customer satisfaction. The study was conducted using quantitative methods, sampling a questionnaire to 100 customers of Coffee Shop. The study was conducted in August 2021. Meanwhile, to analyze the relationship between variables, using partial least squares (PLS). Based on the study results, it can be concluded that service quality directly affects customers, especially customer satisfaction. Product quality also affects customer satisfaction and loyalty and vice versa. However, service quality did not directly affect customer loyalty. Meanwhile, mediation through customer satisfaction and product quality indirectly affects customer loyalty.
a teacher in conducting the learning planning process needs to understand the characteristics and initial abilities of students. Analysis of learners' initial abilities is an activity of identifying learners in terms of needs and characteristics to determine behavioral or goal and material specifications and qualifications.Interaction between teacher and students, students and others are no longer unilateral but are more emotional and sympathetic or interactive relationships through the teaching and learning process. Students are no longer an object of education but have been reduced to polarization of thinking by stating that students as students, a fun and exciting interaction process makes learning effective.
One component of education as a system is material. Educational material is all learning material delivered to students in an institutional education system. This educational material is better known as the curriculum. While the curriculum refers to material that has been systematically prepared to achieve the goals set.the curriculum must contain Islamic values that are intrinsic and extrinsic capable of realizing the objectives of Islamic education. The concept of Islamic education is an effort directed at the formation of a child's personality in accordance with Islamic teachings or an effort with Islamic teachings, thinking, deciding and acting based on Islamic values.
In the activities of the Arabic learning process, there needs to be language skills that can be fulfilled in language learning, namely listening skills (al-istima '), speaking (al-kalam), reading (al-qira'ah), and writing (al- kitabah). With the Internet media all educational needs will arise broad knowledge, especially in developed countries, is the fact this internet shows that this media helps the learning process more effectively.Through the internet Interaction between teachers and students, for example assignments and work assignments can also be done via the internet.
The study aimed to evaluate the Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM) with a Rasch analysis to enhance the precision of the instrument. Accurate assessment of a student potential ability is essential for the timely provision of guidance and counseling support. The Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM) is an ordinal measure possessing acceptable psychometric properties, but its ability to discriminate precisely between individual potential levels has not been rigorously investigated. The quantitative approach involved respondent of 12,343 students in West Java, Indonesia. The data analysis used the partial credit Rasch model. This study uses Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices instruments. The results of this study which are achieved through Initial analysis supported the use of the Rasch model and acceptable reliability (Alpha Cronbach= 0.85) was observed. Person reliability is 0.86, item reliability is 1.00. Local dependency between items through the creation of super-items increased model fit, person separation index = 2.35, and unidimensional. In fit and outfit statistics, all items satisfied the criterion for construct validity. Almost all items except 17, 21, and 36 had suitable point-measurement correlation, reflecting content validity. Item characteristic curves indicated that roughly 36 items were evenly distributed along the person ability continuum. The modified APM showed excellent reliability for a measure in assessing the overall potential ability of the students. The item would be added related to the person ability estimates. And several items should be omitted to ensure construct validity. Practically, APM is still relevant to assess the potential ability.
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