This literature review was conducted to provide an explanation about technology in property development process. The knowledge on technology is important for property developer to remain competitive in property industry. If a property developer does not understand about technology in property development process, they will likely be out of business. Information related to technology in property development hasn’t been widely discussed, thus it may be difficult for novice property developers to join the industry. The method of this study is literature study. There are three technologies in the property development process, namely Property Technology, Financial Technology and Construction Technology. Most authors explain more about financial and construction technologies in property development. Most authors are unable to separate Property Technology from Financial Technology and Construction Technology. Only a few of them have critical way of thinking in relation to the definition of Property Technology which leads to innovation and bring about revolution in its development. There are rooms for learning on the Impact of Property Technology that change the property development process.
One important factor that is used to assess the success of private college is performance. Private colleges continue their efforts to prepare and fine-tune their business strategies in order to survive in the world of education and even become a winner in the competition. Measurement of performance becomes a very important thing. Balanced Scorecard has goal and measurement that is not only a combination of financial and non-financial measurement, but is the result of a top-down process based on the mission and strategy of a private college. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Balanced Scorecard model toward performance of future private colleges. The independent variable in this study is the Balanced Scorecard that consists of customer perspective, financial perspective, internal business process perspective and the perspective of process of growth and learning, while the dependent variable is the performance of the private college (Y). The sample in this study is 100 people covering over half of the students (IV and above) who are active students at the University of WR Supratman Surabaya. Method of data processing is using multiple linear regression with SPSS. The result of Discussion can be concluded that (1) Balanced scorecard model simultaneously effects on the performance of future private colleges significantly, which is characterized by the significant value of F arithmetic amounted to 0.000 (0.000 <0.05), and (2) Balanced scorecard model partially influences to the performance of the future private colleges significantly, which is marked with significant value of t calculate of customer perspective amounted 0.014 (0.014 <0.05), the customer's financial perspective for 0.035 (0.035 <0.05), internal business process perspective of 0.002 (0.002 < 0.05) and the perspective of growth and learning process of 0.000 (0.000 <0.05) Keyword: Balanced Scorecard, and private college performance INTRODUCTIONDraft of Law on Education Legal Entity (BHP), which mandates that management education is essentially non-profit, however management is done in corporative way like a business entity. Educational institutions are required to run a transparent management as a form of accountability to education stakeholders. Therefore the institutions become an organization associated with the various interests of educational users. Consequently, educational institutions must be independent and able to take advantage of educational resources effectively. The utilization of these resources needs to be continuously evaluated and there should be an assessment of the outcomes of education as a form of accountability.Balance scorecard as a management system has a strategic relationship with the financial and non-financial instruments in four keys of an organization, and it is becoming a really good mean. Thus the measurement of private colleges' performance is not only focused on one perspective only, but also on other perspectives that support the growth of private colleges. Private colleges are not likely t...
There has been growing demand for 3D modeling from earth observations, especially for purposes of urban and regional planning and management. The results of 3D observations has slowly become the primary source of data in terms of policy determination and infrastructure planning. In this research, we presented an automatic building segmentation method that directly uses LIDAR data. Previous works have utilized the CNN method to automatically segment buildings. However, the existing body of works have relied heavily on the conversion of LIDAR data into Digital Terrain Model (DTM), Digital Surface Model (DSM), or Digital Elevation Model (DEM) formats. Those formats required conversion of LIDAR data into raster images, which poses challenges to the evaluation of building volumes. In this paper, we collected LIDAR data with unmanned aerial vehicle and directly segmented buildings utilizing the said LIDAR data. We utilized a Dynamic Graph Convolutional Neural Network (DGCNN) algorithm to separate buildings and vegetation. We then utilized Euclidean Clustering to segment each building. We found that the combination of these methods are superior to prior works in the field, with accuracy up to 95.57% and an Intersection Over Union (IOU) score of 0.85.
Seeking regulatory power unavailable at the urban scale, community–labor coalitions have persuaded dozens of state legislatures to enact legislation addressing the problem of wage theft in low-wage service industries. The project of wage theft reform raises important questions about whether urban coalitions can effectively pursue their advocacy goals in State Houses. Drawing on an inventory of 255 wage theft laws proposed between 2004 and 2012, we evaluate three rival explanations of why wage theft legislation succeeds: worker grievances, political conditions, and movement strength. We find that states with larger numbers of worker centers and higher union density are more likely to both propose and enact wage theft legislation. Our results also suggest that urban reform movements maintain greater power to set legislative agendas than they do to ensure the passage of proposed laws. This suggest that “new labor” actors have developed state-level political power that warrants further scrutiny and explanation.
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