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Hybrid-PjBL is an innovative learning model relevant to the demands of the twenty-first century scheme. The study on Hybrid-PjBL is still rarely conducted by Indonesian researchers and the studies are still limited to the effect of this model on student's thinking skills and metacognitive awareness. Thus, this study aims to examine the effect of Hybrid-PjBL implementation on learning outcomes, creative thinking skills, and student's learning motivation. This study used quasiexperiment, through Nonrandomized Control Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The population was all the sixth-semester students in the Biology Education Department, University of Muhammadiyah Malang. The study sample involved two classes randomly selected from a total of three classes at this institution, comprising students who took Environmental Knowledge course; each class consisted of fifty students. Learning outcomes test sheets, creative thinking skill notes, and motivation questionnaires were instruments used to collect the data. The data obtained were then analyzed using one-way analysis of covariance with the significance level of 5%. The results showed that the application of Hybrid-PjBL had a significant influence on the achievement of learning outcomes and creative thinking skills. The results of this study indicate that Hybrid-PjBL is an alternative learning, suitable to the demands of the twenty-first century.

In Zoology course, students often have difficulty to identify several invertebrates. Android-based learning media is currently an alternative way of solving some problems during the learning process. Therefore, android-based learning media that assist students to identify invertebrates was developed in this study. This research method used to research and development model (R&D) developed by Borg and Gall (1983) that consisting 10 steps, that are research and data collection; planning the educational product; developing the product's preliminary form; initial field testing; the first revision of main product; main field testing; operational product revision; operational field testing; final product revision; and dissemination. The validation results from the material expert I, material expert II, and media experts were 96.6%; 94.3%; and 94.7%, respectively.  That results concluded I-Invertebrata was feasible for use in learning but requires minor revision. Furthermore, the results of quasi-experimental research that was analyzed by using analysis of covariance test showed the learning motivation of students who use I-Invertebrata is significantly higher than students who do not use I-Invertebrata.

Empowerment of critical thinking skill is one of numerous goals the 21st century education intends to acquire. This study employed content analysis on a number of articles that had been published in Biology education journals across Indonesia since 2010 to 2017, with critical thinking skill as the main focus of the study. This current study has revealed that in the past three years, the number of publications that focused on critical thinking skill had improved. Among those publications, the most dominant research designed was quantitative. In addition, the tenth graders of senior high school and 'Ecosystem' were consecutively the subject and material targeted the most. Test and t-test were serially the most commonly-used instrument and data analysis method. In respect to the findings of this study, some recommendations have been proposed for upcoming researches underpinning critical thinking skill as the main focus. Some of these recommendations include increasing the diversity of research type and choosing more precise data analysis techniques.

Some previous reports inform many students having learning difficulties on some science subjects. The purpose of this study is to map the courses considered difficult by undergraduate students majoring in Biology. This study used survey research design. Participants in this study are undergraduate students of Biology Education Study Program and undergraduate students of Biology Study Program, from the Department of Biology in one of the state university in Malang. The instruments used in this study are questionnaires of difficult courses in the Department of Biology and descriptive analysis is used as a data analysis technique. The results of this study are the majority of Biology Education students positioning Genetics, Genetics, and Biochemistry as the first, second, and third most difficult courses, while the majority of Biology students positioning Genetics, Genetics, and Botany as the first, second, and third most difficult courses. The Genetics, Statistics, and Biochemistry are the three most frequently selected courses as the three most difficult subjects in Biology Education Study Program, while in Biology Study Program is Genetics, Biochemistry, and Botany.

Implementing health protocols and preventive measures are the only effective ways to suppress COVID-19 transmission before vaccines and antiviral drugs are developed. The implementation of health protocols and preventive measures are influenced by one’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward this pandemic. Medical students as candidates for healthcare workers and role models for the community should have a good KAP. This study intends 1) to explore the KAP of medical students in Indonesia toward COVID-19 and 2) to assess which demographic factors have a significant effect on their KAP scores. An online questionnaire consisting of 18 items of knowledge, six items of attitudes, and 12 items of practices were used as instruments in this study. After being distributed for two weeks in June 2020, 525 respondents whose data were worth analyzing were obtained. The respondents consisted of male and female students, from diploma to bachelor degree, and came from all four types of higher education institutions in Indonesia. The results, 48% of respondents had good knowledge, 81% had good attitudes, and 43.5% had good practices toward COVID-19. The location of students’ residence has no significant effect on their KAP score. Gender has a significant effect on knowledge and practice scores. Age, institution type, and institution status have a significant effect on their three KAP domains. The KAP survey results can be used as a reflection of the importance of the curriculum that prepares medical students for the pandemic. Medical students are also expected to be able to actively participate in educating people around them on how to minimize the transmission of COVID-19 during the pandemic.

The essential of studies which focus on research methods in biology educational field is providing recommendations for the next researchers the proper methods they need to use. Unfortunately, this kind of research is still hard to find in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to access the diversity of research approaches, designs, variables, data collection and analysis techniques, as well as research subjects in the articles published in Indonesian biology educational journals throughout 2017. Content analysis was used as the research design in this study in which as many as 122 articles were analyzed. The results revealed that the most type, design, variable, data collection and analysis techniques, as well as the subject which frequently used were R&D, Quasi-experimental, media/learning sources, questionnaire, frequency and percentage, and senior high school respectively. There were variety of approaches, designs, data collection and analysis techniques, as considerable as research subjects which have been used in educational research. Moreover, there also findings that some several studies with the same research design applied different data collection and data analysis techniques. Thus, it is suggested to the next researchers to choose the most proper methods in conducting their researches.

The objectives of this study were to analyze the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of South Kalimantan local wisdombased biology learning and its effect on student learning outcomes. The research method used is research and development. This research was in a Develop stage of Thiagarajan's Model. This development has produced learning models (lesson plans, student's worksheet, learning achievement test questions, teacher activity sheets, student activity sheets, and student response sheets). The local wisdom-based learning model were designed with seven stages using Banjar language (regional language of South Kalimantan). Model that have been developed were tested for the level of validity, practicality, effectiveness, and its effect in learning. The level of validity is determined based on the assessment and review of the four validators. To find out the effectiveness and the effect of the learning model, quasi-experimental design was applied by involving two classes at SMAN 7 Banjarmasin-Indonesia. Data were collected using a variety of instruments, namely the validity assessment sheet, the student's worksheet and lesson plan sheets, student achievement test questions, and student response sheets. Data analysis was implemented to measure the effectiveness and the effect of learning by calculating n-Gain and ANCOVA, respectively. The results, the learning tools met the "valid" criteria so that it can be implemented. Learning also concluded having good practicality criteria. Moreover, it can be seen that the application of local wisdom-based learning model and tools was quite effective in improving student learning outcomes, in contrast to learning in the control class. Furthermore, ANCOVA test concluded that there were significant differences in learning outcomes between students in the experimental and the control class.