The research was conducted in order to describe the types and factors of code-switching and code-mixing in the learning process. The research was a descriptive qualitative investigation using the case study method. The aim was to analyze the types and factors that caused code-switching and code-mixing. Then, the research subjects were three English teachers who taught Grade XI. In gathering the data, there were five classes that should be observed and the necessary data were gathered through recording technique. In the meantime, for validating the results of the analysis an FGD (Focus Group Discussion) should be held. The FGD was conducted in order to identify the answers to the research questions. Next, the results of the study were as follows. First, the types of code-switching were (a) intersentential code-switching, (b) intrasentential code-switching, and (c) tag-switching. On the other hand, the types of code-mixing were (a) alternation code-mixing, (b) insertion code-mixing, and (c) congruent lexicalization. Second, the factors that caused the use of code-switching in the English learning process were text quotation, clarification, and teacher’s instruction. On the other hand, the factors that caused the use of code-mixing were speech habits such as the first language and the second language effects, adversity of finding equivalent words, and people’s impression of the present trends.
This study uses a descriptive qualitative type of research. The research was conducted at Sma Al-Kautsar Sumbersari Srono Banyuwangi. Data collection techniques using observations, interviews and documentation. The validity of the data in this study uses triangulation methods and uses descriptive analysis to describe and explain the data obtained. From the results of the research obtained, the process of planting Islamic moral values in shaping the character of students by using 3 stages. First, the stage of value transformation is to provide knowledge and understanding to students. Second, the value transaction stage is by the method of civility and habituation to provide a direct experience to students. Third, the transinternization stage of value is by methods of supervision, advice and reprimand/sanctions. The impact of internalization of Islamic moral values in shaping the character of students in the form of satisfactory academic achievement and the attitude or character of students are increasingly organized.
Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang pelaksanaan supervisi pengawas madrasah dalam peningkatan kompetensi pedagogik guru. Penelitian ini secara spesifik membahas tentang pelaksanaan supervisi akademik yang dilakukan oleh pengawas madrasah yang terdiri dari perencanaan kegiatan supervisi, pelaksanaan supervisi hingga sampai tindak lanjut. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan pengamatan, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Alat analisis data yang digunakan model interaktif yang terdiri dari pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Semenyara itu, keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan trianggulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian ini pertama, perencanaan kegiatan supervisi akademik meliputi penyiapan instrumen supervisi, membuat rancangan pendekatan supervisi dan teknik supervisi dan penentuan waktu pelaksanaannya. Kedua, pelaksanaan kegiatan supervisi akademik dilakukan dengan pendekatan kolaboratif dan teknik individual dan kelompok. Teknik individual yakni pertemuan secara individu dengan guru, sedangkan teknik kelompok dengan cara menghadirkan seluruh guru untuk diskusi sebagai proses kelompok dan tukar-menukar pengalaman. Sebagai tindak lanjut dari pelaksanaan sepervisi, yakni pengawas memberikan pembinaan kepada guru dengan cara memberikan pelatihan. Kata Kunci: supervisi akademik, pengawas madrasah, kompetensi pedagogik Abstract The study examined the execution of the madrassa supervisor's supervision in increased pedagogical teachers' competence. The study specifically discussed the implementation of academic supervisions carried out by madrassa supervisors of supervision activities, the administration of supervision down to follow-up. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. Data-collecting techniques use observation, interviews, and document study. The data analysis tool used by interactive models consists of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and deduction deduction. Incidentally, the validity of the data in this research uses source triulation. The results of this first study, the planning of the academic supervision activities included the preparation of supervision instruments, the design of supervision approaches and supervision techniques and the timing of the execution. Second, the performance of academic supervision is carried out with collaborative approaches and individual and group techniques. An individual technique of meeting individually with teachers, while a group technique presents all teachers to discussion as a group process and an experience swap. As a follow-up to the exercise of a sense, the supervisor gives coaching to the teachers by training them.
The focus in this study are: 1) how the behavior of the Kiai recognizes the situation of the pesantren community, 2) the behavior of the Kiai in providing direction and guidance to the community of the pesantren, 3) the behavior of the Kiai giving the delegation of authority to the pesantren community in developing formal education. Type of phenomenological research. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, documents, and audiovisual materials. Data analysis tools used interactive models. The results of this study: 1) the process of diagonalizing the Kiai which is carried out in the internal and external environment of the pesantren applies three important components, namely religious compatibility, commitment, and competence, 2) direction and guidance of the Kiai is carried out based on the maturity of the community which is described rationally through Kiai's scatted concept of maturity rate, 3) variable delegation of authority based on the scale of maturity and the development of a hierarchical structure. The conditions develop according to the competency scale, while the initiation is in line with the development of commitment.
Today the need of education is increasingly high, but it is inversely proportional to the condition of education that is increasingly regressive. This happened because of the development of science, knowledge, and technology (modernism) which had a negative impact on moral decadence. Because of this threat, Islamic education as a branch of aespecially scientific discipline is expected to be a solution to the threat. Therefore, educational institutions must be able to be pioneers in improving the character of students, namely by implementing policies or programs that lead to Islamic education. One of them has been done by a non-Islamic national standard school, namely SMA Negeri 1 Genteng, which has instilled Islamic values in the educational environment.
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