<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; layout-grid-mode: char;" align="left"><span class="text"><span style="font-family: ";Arial";,";sans-serif";; font-size: 9pt;">Spatial Modulation (SM) has been proposed to avoid interchannel interference and the need of exact time synchronization amongst antennas of the Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) transmission system. In this paper, we study the performance of SM in a Nakagami fading environment. Exact integral expressions for calculating the symbol error rate of multilevel Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (M-QAM) of SM in correlated and uncorrelated Nakagami fading channels are derived. The analytical and simulation results match closely over a wide range of SNR values.</span></span><span style="font-family: ";Arial";,";sans-serif";; font-size: 9pt;"></span></p>

The author proposed an effective wavelet-based ECG compression algorithm (Rajoub, 2002). The reported extraordinary performance motivated us to explore the findings and to use it in our research activity. During the implementation of the proposed algorithm several important points regarding accuracy, methodology, and coding were found to be improperly substantiated. This paper discusses these findings and provides specific subjective and objective measures that could improve the interpretation of compression results in these research-type problems.

This article investigates the effect of obliquely incident plane wave on a multilayered structure representing a simplified model of the human head at a frequency of 900 and 1800 MHz. Exact formulas for the electric field within the structure are derived. The maximum power dissipation and its dependence on the frequency and dielectric parameters are presented. Using these results, the local specific absorption rate is calculated, plotted, and compared with international levels.

No abstract

We examined the effect of exposure to mobile phone 1800 MHz radio frequency radiation (RFR) upon the urinary excretion of 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), one major form of oxidative DNA damage, in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Twenty-four rats were used in three independent experiments (RFR exposed and control, 12 rats, each). The animals were exposed to RFR for 2 h from Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal generator with whole-body-specific absorption rate of 1.0 W/kg. Urine samples were collected from the rat while housed in a metabolic cage during the exposure period over a 4-h period at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 h from the beginning of exposure. In the control group, the signal generator was left in the turn-off position. The creatinine-standardized concentrations of 8-oxodG were measured. With the exception of the urine collected in the last half an hour of exposure, significant elevations were noticed in the levels of 8-oxodG in urine samples from rats exposed to RFR when compared to control animals. Significant differences were seen overall across time points of urine collection with a maximum at 1 h after exposure, suggesting repair of the DNA lesions leading to 8-oxodG formation.