A case-control cross-sectional study was carried out to observe the changes in serum calcium, albumin and alkaline phosphatase levels of postmenopausal women compared to their premenopausal counterparts. This is to enable us ascertain the relative risk of developing osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in Bangladesh. One hundred and eighteen (118) apparently healthy females (59 premenopausal=control and 59 postmenopausal=case) were selected for the study. The study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Mymensingh Medical College in cooperation with the Department of Gynecology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital and Community Based Medical College Hospital Bangladesh during the period from January to December 2009. Data were collected through clinical evaluation from pre-selected questionnaires. Fasting venous blood samples were taken for laboratory investigations. Serum calcium and albumin was determined using colorimetric method and enzymatic end point method was used to determine serum alkaline phosphatase levels. Statistical significance of difference between two groups were evaluated by using Student's unpaired 't' test with the help of SPSS software package. The results showed statistically significant decrease in serum calcium and albumin (p<0.01) of menopausal women compared to reproductive age group. The postmenopausal women had significantly higher (p<0.01) concentrations of serum alkaline phosphatase than the premenopausal women with regular menstruation. Therefore, it can be concluded that menopause leads to the increased risk of osteoporosis by decreasing serum calcium and albumin and by increasing alkaline phosphatase levels. The decreased serum calcium and increased alkaline phosphatase levels indicate that menopause is an independent risk factor for developing osteoporosis in women of Bangladesh. CBMJ 2019 July: Vol. 08 No. 02 P: 30-35
This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out from January 2015 to March 2016 in villages of 12 Bhavokhali union, Sadar upazila, Mymensingh. The study was done on 408 subjects who were selected purposively. Data were collected on a pre-designed questionnaire by direct interviewing the respondents. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 16. Prevalence of hypertension was 21.32%. Mean age was 39.22 years and standard deviation 14.81 years. Prevalence of hypertension was 46.30% among persons over 60 years of age, 37.11% among persons having family history of hypertension, 61.54% among persons having diabetes mellitus, 43.96% among persons having BMI more than or equal to 25, 29.41% among those having sedentary lifestyle, 22.14% among those having the habit of added salt intake, 33.75% among smokers and 25.95% among persons having the habit of smokeless tobacco intake. Though female had low prevalence of hypertension (18.77%), female working outside had higher prevalence 31.59%. Women of reproductive age group had lower prevalence of hypertension (15.56%) among whom oral contraceptive pill users had increased prevalence of hypertension 16.82%. Prevalence of hypertension found in this study was lower in comparison to global prevalence and results of other studies. CBMJ 2016 July: Vol. 05 No. 02 P: 14-20
In Bangladesh majority of people live in rural area. Sanitation is important for health promotion, and disease prevention. To know sanitary condition of rural people of Mymensingh, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted and the sampling technique was purposive. Data were collected on a pre-designed questionnaire by direct interviewing the respondents. Sanitation status was assessed by scoring on selected components of personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 20. A total of 514 villagers (202 male, 312 female) participated in the study. Age of respondents ranged from 10 years to 75 years; mean age was 36.23 years with a standard deviation of ±13.736 years. Females were mostly housewives (92%), males were mostly farmers (37%). Among respondents 96% had own house, 58% had cultivable land and 26% were poor. Sanitation in this study included personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. Scoring was done based on correct response on selected items of personal hygiene and environmental sanitation (80% and more: excellent, 60 to 79 percent: good, below 60 percent: bad). Personal hygiene practices included were daily bathing, hand washing with soap and water in relevant occasions, washing vegetables, fruits, covering cooked and served food. About 95% had excellent score on personal hygiene. This excellent score was more observed among respondents with increasing age, female sex, service holders, housewives and better socioeconomic condition. Environmental sanitation included safe water supply, sanitary latrine, good house, no animal in house and if present kept in cattle shed in safe distance, hygienic disposal of animal excreta and refuse. 95% had safe water supply, 75% had water seal latrine, 44% had good house and 26% had no animals. Those who kept animals only 23% kept them in cattle shed in safe distance. Hygienic disposal of animal excreta and refuse were 25% and 43.4% respectively. Environmental sanitation based on safe water supply and water seal latrine was excellent and good respectively but based on other 4 components the status was not satisfactory. Despite hardship,sanitary conditions were better thanthe results of other studies in Bangladesh and in other developing countries. Hygiene practices were praiseworthy. Improvement of socioeconomic condition and continuous health education will further improve the situation. CBMJ 2018 July: Vol. 07 No. 02 P: 34-41
This study was done to know about infant and young child feeding by mothers in a selected rural area of Mymensingh and to assess nutritional status of infant and young child. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample size was 625. Sample size and study area was purposively selected. The study was conducted from December 2016 to January 2017 in Churkhai and Winnerpar villages of Bhavokhali union of Sadar upazila Mymensingh. Data were collected on a predesigned questionnaire by direct interviewing the respondents. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 16. A total of 625 mothers who had one child aged between newborn to 24 months participated in the study. Age of mothers ranged from 15 years to 50 years. Mean age of mothers was 24.56 years and standard deviation 5.36 years. Most of the mothers belonged to 15 to 24 years of age. The age of children ranged from newborn to 24 months. Mean age of children was 15.16 months, standard deviation 7.51 months. Majority of children belonged to 19 to 24 months. Majority (54.72%) had normal nutrition. Breast feeding continued up to the age when interviewed, offering colostrums and breast feeding given within half an hour after delivery were excellent among 63.36% of mothers. Weaning in due time, appropriate servings and weaning food appropriate were excellent among 74.80% of mothers of weaning age child. Exclusive breast feeding 74.02% and breast feeding continued up to the age of 24 months were 79.33% were good. Infant and Young Child Feeding practices observed in this study though better than other studies, needs more attention for improved child nutrition and survival. CBMJ 2016 July: Vol. 05 No. 02 P: 21-25
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