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The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the addition for 6 weeks of 12 ppm lycopene (Lyc), 2% fish oil (FO) and/or 0.25 ppm Se as selenate (Se VI ) or selenized yeast (SeY) to an isoenergetic and isonitrogenous basal ration containing sunflower oil (SO) as the source of energy on the liveweight (LW) and feed intake per kg body weight gain of pullets and cockerels. The effects of these additives on the concentrations of fatty acids (FA), especially mono-(MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) acids, and the yield of PUFA peroxidation (oxidative stress) in breast muscles of chickens were also investigated. Feeding broilers with the experimental rations slightly increased the live body weight of chickens compared with the controls. The ration containing SeY, Lyc, and FO most effectively increased the LW of cockerels, while that of pullets was most efficiently increased by the ration enriched in SeY and Lyc, irrespective of the presence of extra FO. SeY in the ration with Lyc most efficiently elevated feed conversion efficiency (FCE), while Se VI in the ration containing Lyc most effectively decreased FCE. The addition of Se VI to the ration enriched in Lyc significantly elevated the sum of saturated fatty acids (SFA), MUFA, and PUFA in muscles of pullets and, especially, cockerels in comparison with all other examined groups. In contrast, FO added to the ration containing Lyc, irrespective of the presence of Se VI or SeY, decreased the muscle sum of SFA, MUFA, and PUFA, and increased the concentration of docosahexaenoic acid in muscles of chickens compared with the control and all other experimental groups. FO added to the ration, regardless of the presence of Se VI or SeY, elevated the value of the long-chain n-3 PUFAto-SFA ratio and significantly decreased the values of the n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA ratio in muscles of pullets and cockerels. The ration containing Lyc and Se VI most efficiently increased the value of the 3 Corresponding author: e-mail: m.czauderna@ifzz.pan.pl Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 21, 2012, 705-724 706 LYCOPENES AND Se COMPOUNDS -FA IN CHICKEN MUSCLE PUFA/SFA ratio in the muscles of pullets and, especially, cockerels. The ration containing FO and Lyc most significantly increased the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) in muscles of pullets and, in particular, cockerels, while addition of Se VI or SeY to the ration enriched in FO and Lyc most considerably decreased the concentration of MDA in breast muscles compared with the control and all other experimental groups. We propose an MDA index (calculated as: MDAindex = (MDA+PUFA)/ PUFA) as an original indicator of PUFA peroxidation in tissues of living organisms.Our results of feeding diets with Lyc, FO, and Se as Se VI or SeY constitute useful information for nutritionists carrying out investigations to improve chicken performance and the nutritional quality of feed, as well as to improve the nutritive value of chicken meat from the aspect of human health.

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The purpose of the investigation was to determine the short-term influence of the addition of linseed oil (LO) and Se as selenate (SeVI) on the concentration of fatty acids (FA), especially conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers, in the spleen, pancreas, and kidneys of lambs. The experiment was carried out on 20 lambs (25±2 kg) allotted to 4 groups of 5 animals each. For 35 days the lambs were fed a basal diet composed of concentrate and hay (control group; C) or supplemented with: 5% linseed oil (group LO), 2 ppm Se as SeVI (group SE); combined addition of LO and SeVI (group LOSE). The results showed that short-term feeding of lambs with the diet enriched with LO, irrespective of the presence of SeVI, increased body weight gain and feed conversion efficiency compared with the control and SE groups. Feeding LO and SeVI most effectively stimulated the accumulation of Se in the spleen and pancreas. The diet with LO most efficiently increased the level of cis9trans11CLA (c9t11CLA), the sum of ct/tcCLA, ttCLA, all CLA isomers, and FA containing conjugated double bonds in the spleen and pancreas. The c9t11CLA/t10c12CLA ratio was highest in all assayed organs of lambs fed the diet with SeVI. The diet with LO, irrespective of the presence of SeVI, increased the concentration sum of monounsaturated FA and all FA in all organs compared with the C and SE groups. The LO and LOSE treatments decreased the values of the atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes in the spleen and pancreas compared with the control and SE groups and increased the concentration of polyunsaturated FA in all organs as compared with the same groups. Feeding lambs the diet enriched in LO or SeVI increased the value of the ∆9-desaturase index in the pancreas compared with the control and LOSE groups, while decreased values of this index were found in the spleen and kidneys of lambs fed the LO, SE, or LOSE diet. Our results of feeding diets with LO and SeVI constitute useful information for nutritionists carrying out further investigations to improve performance and the nutritional quality of feed for ruminants.

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