Dietary linseed oil and selenate affect the concentration of fatty acids and selenium in the spleen, pancreas, and kidneys of lambs

Abstract

The purpose of the investigation was to determine the short-term influence of the addition of linseed oil (LO) and Se as selenate (SeVI) on the concentration of fatty acids (FA), especially conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers, in the spleen, pancreas, and kidneys of lambs. The experiment was carried out on 20 lambs (25±2 kg) allotted to 4 groups of 5 animals each. For 35 days the lambs were fed a basal diet composed of concentrate and hay (control group; C) or supplemented with: 5% linseed oil (group LO), 2 ppm Se as SeVI (group SE); combined addition of LO and SeVI (group LOSE). The results showed that short-term feeding of lambs with the diet enriched with LO, irrespective of the presence of SeVI, increased body weight gain and feed conversion efficiency compared with the control and SE groups. Feeding LO and SeVI most effectively stimulated the accumulation of Se in the spleen and pancreas. The diet with LO most efficiently increased the level of cis9trans11CLA (c9t11CLA), the sum of ct/tcCLA, ttCLA, all CLA isomers, and FA containing conjugated double bonds in the spleen and pancreas. The c9t11CLA/t10c12CLA ratio was highest in all assayed organs of lambs fed the diet with SeVI. The diet with LO, irrespective of the presence of SeVI, increased the concentration sum of monounsaturated FA and all FA in all organs compared with the C and SE groups. The LO and LOSE treatments decreased the values of the atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes in the spleen and pancreas compared with the control and SE groups and increased the concentration of polyunsaturated FA in all organs as compared with the same groups. Feeding lambs the diet enriched in LO or SeVI increased the value of the ∆9-desaturase index in the pancreas compared with the control and LOSE groups, while decreased values of this index were found in the spleen and kidneys of lambs fed the LO, SE, or LOSE diet. Our results of feeding diets with LO and SeVI constitute useful information for nutritionists carrying out further investigations to improve performance and the nutritional quality of feed for ruminants.

Selenite and selenate affect the fatty acid profile in in vitro incubated ovine ruminal fluid containing linseed oil

“…The relative increase in the concentration of C20:5n-3 in the fluids with LO and Se, especially as Se IV H or Se VI H, was higher than the relative increase in the concentration of αLNA in the fluids with LO and the higher concentration of Se IV or Se VI . This effect should be observed in in vivo investigations, resulting in an enhanced duodenal flow of αLNA or C20:5n-3 (Niedźwiedzka et al, 2008;Czauderna et al, 2010Czauderna et al, , 2012bKrajewska et al, 2012). Our observations are also consistent with recent in vivo and in vitro studies that have reported that the ruminal biohydrogenation of C20:5n-3 and other LPUFAn-3 was significantly lower compared to the ruminal biohydrogenation of C18-PUFA (e.g., LA or αLNA) (Dohme et al, 2003;Chow et al, 2004).…”

“…LPUFAn-3, abundantly present in fish oils, may provide a natural protection against biohydrogenation by the ruminal microorganisms (Burns et al, 2003;Chow et al, 2004;Wąsowska et al, 2006a;Buccioni et al, 2012). Recent studies revealed that selenate (Se VI ) or selenite (Se IV ) changed the contents of the FA, especially the CLA isomers and other conjugated FA, in the ovine ruminal fluid (Sieber et al, 2004;Wąsowska et al, 2006b;Czauderna et al, 2010Czauderna et al, , 2012a, the liver, muscles, internal organs and adipose tissues of animals (Czauderna et al, 2004a(Czauderna et al, , b, 2007Korniluk et al, 2006;Niedźwiedzka et al, 2008;Krajewska et al, 2012). Analysis of the selenium (Se) concentration of the microorganisms revealed that the ruminal microbial Se abundance was enriched relative to the level of Se in the diets.…”

Supplementation effects of seleno-compounds, carnosic acid, and fish oil onconcentrations of fatty acids, tocopherols, cholesterol, and amino acids in the livers of lambs

“…In fact, increasing contents of PUFAs, and especially n-3LPUFAs, in ruminant tissues is very important in view of the generally saturated nature of FAs in ruminant meats and the negative effect this can have on human health. Fortunately, amounts and types of fat and pro-or antioxidants added to the diet can influence the biohydrogenation yield of UFAs and the FA profiles in ruminant tissues (1,(4)(5)(6)(7). Our studies indicated that feeding linseed oil or FO effectively decreased the content of SFAs in tissues and increased the content of valuable monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) and PUFAs (4).…”

“…Consequently, the percentage of undesirable FAs, like atherogenic and thrombogenic SFAs (A-SFA and T-SFA) (8) and especially C18:0, in tissues decreased, whereas the percentage of UFAs, particularly n-3LPUFAs, in tissues increased (1,9). However, the balance of UFAs, especially highly unsaturated FAs, prooxidants or antioxidants (e.g., Se-compounds or tocopherols), in feed is a critical factor influencing the quality of edible carcass parts of farm animals (4,7,10,11). Numerous studies showed that diets supplemented with selenized yeast (SeY) or selenate (SeVI) change the contents of FAs, tocopherols, and malondialdehyde (MDA; a marker of the oxidative stress) in animal tissues (4,7,9,11,12).…”

“…However, the balance of UFAs, especially highly unsaturated FAs, prooxidants or antioxidants (e.g., Se-compounds or tocopherols), in feed is a critical factor influencing the quality of edible carcass parts of farm animals (4,7,10,11). Numerous studies showed that diets supplemented with selenized yeast (SeY) or selenate (SeVI) change the contents of FAs, tocopherols, and malondialdehyde (MDA; a marker of the oxidative stress) in animal tissues (4,7,9,11,12). Interestingly, carnosic acid (CA; an antioxidant) is used as a preservative in food (8,13).…”