The physical properties of two-dimensional nanosheet materials make them promising candidates as active materials in the areas of photoelectronics, fuel cells, sensors, water splitting, solar energy conversion, CO 2 reduction, and heterogeneous catalysis. Among two-dimensional nanosheet materials, graphitic carbon nitride due to its electronic structure and high chemical and thermal stability possesses unique properties. Covalent functionalization of graphitic carbon nitride could be the key step in modifying its ability and significantly improving its properties. To this purpose, a novel strategy for the covalent functionalization of g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets (CN) with vitamin B 1 (VB 1 ) by using 1,3-dibromopropane as a covalent linker for the first time is demonstrated. The obtained CN-Pr-VB 1 exhibits increased thermal stability compared to the VB 1 which is important in the practice application and can be easily dispersed in common organic solvents. The efficacy of the CN-Pr-VB 1 as a heterogeneous organocatalyst was evaluated in the quinoxaline synthesis under solvent-free conditions and afforded good isolated yield with high purity. Moreover, the prepared catalyst could be facilely recycled and reused for seven consecutive cycles without a noticeable decrease in the catalytic activity. Extensive characterization confirmed the stability of morphology and chemical structure after recyclability of the CN-Pr-VB 1 .

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In this project, nano-magnetic sulfated zirconia Fe3O4@ZrO2/SO42− was prepared and characterized using various instrumental methods and used in the synthesis of α-aminophosphonate derivatives in the Kabachnik–Fields reaction.

In this research, nano magnetic sulfated zirconia was prepared through a green and facile method and acted as a novel, heterogeneous, efficient nano-catalyst for the one-pot three component synthesis of α-aminonitrile derivatives.

A facile and convenient process for the fabrication of a Z-scheme heterojunction g-C3N4 nanosheet/FeWO4 nanoparticle composite is reported. The structure of the synthesized g-C3N4/FeWO4 nanocomposite was analyzed by a variety of techniques including X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The obtained results from DRS and PL analyses confirmed that the as-prepared nanocomposite g-C3N4/FeWO4 illustrated improved photocatalytic performance compared with pristine graphitic carbon nitride. The Z-scheme heterostructured nanocomposite (g-C3N4/FeWO4) with a suitable band structure shows efficient photocatalytic activity due to the spatial separation of charge carriers. The obtained g-C3N4/FeWO4 heterostructured photocatalyst demonstrated high efficiency in the tandem photo-oxidation/Knoevenagel condensation reaction under visible illumination and O2 atmosphere as a green oxidant. The catalytic activity of the g-C3N4/FeWO4 did not show considerable decline even after five cycles of use.