No abstract

The prevalences of the IL-10 gene promoter polymorphisms were different in OSAS patients and the controls in Turkish population. IL-10 gene polymorphisms may lead to altered inflammatory cascade, which might contribute to OSAS. Further studies on larger cohorts are needed to validate our findings.

Background/aim: Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is chronic enlargement of the adenoid tissue. The pathophysiology of the disease is unclear. We analyzed SCGB1D4 gene polymorphisms in order to determine the effect of the variants or their genetic combinations on AH. Materials and methods:We genotyped the SCGB1D4 (IIS) gene in 167 participants (95 children with AH and 72 controls) by performing DNA sequencing in blood samples. Results:We genotyped three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In the analysis, we found that in the presence of those SNPs and the minor alleles of individual SNPs four haplotypes were associated with an increased risk of AH. In addition, those SNPs were significantly associated with asthma, allergy, sleep-disordered breathing, AH grade +4, and a high level of IgE. As indicated on multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis, single-locus (rs35328961), two-locus (rs35328961_rs56196602), and three-locus models (rs200327820_rs35328961_rs56196602) had the highest synergistic interaction effect on AH. The three-factor model was also significantly associated with some genotypes of rs35328961 and allergic-asthmatic AH. Conclusion:SNPs of SCGB1D4 and their combinations are associated with an increased risk for developing AH. We highlighted the importance of genetic factors on AH and AH-related clinical phenotypes.

Some single nucleotide polymorphisms and their combinations in the Ugrp2 gene are associated with an increased risk of developing adenoid hypertrophy. Therefore, we tried to underline the importance of genetic factors associated with adenoid hypertrophy and its related clinical phenotypes.

Protoiurus kraepelini is a scorpion species found in parts of Turkey and Greece. In this study, the peptide profile of its venom was determined for the first time. The electrophoretic profile of the crude venom showed a protein distribution from 2 to 130 kDa. MALDI-TOF MS analysis of the venom peptide fraction yielded 27 peptides between 1059 and 4623 Da in mass. Several ion channelblocking and antimicrobial peptides were identified by peptide mass fingerprinting analysis. Cytotoxic and antimicrobial effects of the venom were also demonstrated on Jurkat cells and Escherichia coli, respectively. As the first peptidomic characterization study on P. kraepelini venom, this report lays the foundation for detailed future studies that may lead to the discovery of novel bioactive peptides.