Resumo -Com o objetivo de identificar novas variedades para consumo humano, na forma de raízes frescas, 26 variedades de mandioca (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) foram avaliadas aos 8, 10 e 12 meses após o plantio, quanto à produtividade de raízes, teores de amido, de matéria seca e de cianeto, o tempo de cocção e à deterioração pós-colheita. A produtividade, os teores de amido e de matéria seca das raízes variaram entre as variedades, e entre as épocas de colheita. Aproximadamente, 81% das variedades continham teores de cianeto dentro dos limites aceitáveis (inferior a 100 mg/kg de polpa crua) para consumo na forma de raízes frescas (método enzimático). Apenas oito variedades cozinharam até 30 minutos em todas as épocas de colheita, nos dois anos de avaliação. A deterioração pós-colheita ocorreu em todas as variedades quando armazenadas sob condições ambiente. Houve correlação positiva entre a matéria seca e o amido (r = 0,9826) e entre a época de colheita e o tempo de cocção (r = 0,7304). Entre amido e o tempo de cocção a correlação foi negativa (r = -0,0570). As variedades Três meses e Caiabana são promissoras para consumo humano na forma de raízes frescas.Termos para indexação: Manihot esculenta, matéria seca, amido, cocção, deterioração pós-colheita. Evaluation of cassava varieties for human consumptionAbstract -This work aimed to select new cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) varieties for human consumption as fresh roots. A total of twenty six varieties were evaluated after eight, ten and twelve months after planting. Parameters were assessed as follow: root productivity, starch, dry matter and cyanide contents, cooking and post-harvest deterioration. Root productivity, starch and dry matter contents varied among varieties and among harvest period. Nearly 81% of the varieties presented cyanide content within the acceptable limits for consumption as fresh roots (less than 100 mg/kg of raw pulp), by the enzymatic method. Only eight varieties presented cooking up to 30 minutes during the experimental evaluation in all harvest period. All varieties tested behaved as susceptible to post-harvest deterioration when stored under environmental conditions. Correlations between starch and dry matter contents (r = 0.9826) and between harvest periods and cooking (r = 0.7304) were positive. Correlation between starch content and cooking was negative (r = -0.0570). Varieties Três meses and Caiabana were the best for human consumption as fresh roots.Index terms: Manihot esculenta, dry matter, starch, cooking, post-harvest deterioration.aipim ou macaxeira (Conceição, 1983), é um dos alimentos preferenciais na mesa do brasileiro, principalmente nas Regiões Sudeste, Centro-Oeste e Nordeste.Apesar do consumo de mandioca de mesa ser elevado, sua produção real é desconhecida, pois grande parte ocorre por exploração do tipo "fundo de quintal", e não passa por um processo organizado de comercialização (Pereira et al., 1985). A expansão do mercado de mandioca de mesa, no entanto, depende de variedades que apresentem boas qualidades cu...
The incidence–severity relationship for cashew gummosis, caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae, was studied to determine the feasibility of using disease incidence to estimate indirectly disease severity in order to establish the potential damage caused by this disease in semiarid north‐eastern Brazil. Epidemics were monitored in two cashew orchards, from 1995 to 1998 in an experimental field composed of 28 dwarf clones, and from 2000 to 2002 in a commercial orchard of a single clone. The two sites were located 10 km from each other. Logarithmic transformation achieved the best linear adjustment of incidence and severity data as determined by coefficients of determination for place, age and pooled data. A very high correlation between incidence and severity was found in both fields, with different disease pressures, different cashew genotypes, different ages and at several epidemic stages. Thus, the easily assessed gummosis incidence could be used to estimate gummosis severity levels.
-The objective of this work was to evaluate yield and average fruit weight of strawberry cultivars Albion, Camarosa, Festival and Oso Grande, in two closed hydroponic systems (gutters and grow bags), using coconut fibre as substrate. The experimental design was of randomised blocks, divided into strips, with five replications. The hydroponic systems did not differ significantly as to yield, with advantages, such as savings in water and fertilizer and reduced environmental impact, over open systems. The most productive cultivar was Festival, followed by Oso Grande, with average yields of 6.99 kg m -2 and 5.56 kg m -2 respectively. The cultivars with the greatest fruit weight were Oso Grande and Albion, having averages of 11.8 and 11.1 g respectively, with the former being significantly superior to the latter. The highest yield (7.4 kg m -2 ) was obtained from the cultivar Festival under the gutter system. The Ibiapaba region has conditions which are favourable to strawberry production in relation to precocity (harvesting starts in the 6th week of growth) and production continues throughout the year; however there is a need to test new cultivars and to improve the cultivation techniques with an aim to producing larger-sized fruit.
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