In an unprecedented effort in the field of vitiligo, a global consensus resulted on a
suggested new classification protocol for the disease. The main histopathological
finding in vitiligo is the total absence of functioning melanocytes in the lesions,
while the inflammatory cells most commonly found on the edges of the lesions are CD4+
and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Physical and pharmacological treatment strategies aim to
control the autoimmune damage and stimulate melanocyte migration from the unaffected
edges of lesions and the outer hair follicle root sheath to the affected skin;
moreover, surgical treatments can be combined with topical and physical
treatments.
Significance and Impact of the Study: The data from this research will contribute to a better understanding of the role of the microbiota in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, contributing to the identification of biomarkers that will aid in early diagnosis and the choice or development of more personalized and effective treatments.
Objective: To evaluate confirmed cases of lung cancer, reviewing epidemiological variables, clinical variables, staging and treatment. Methods: The cases of 263 patients were studied. All of the patients had been treated at the Universidade Federal do Paraná (Federal University of Paraná) Hospital de Clínicas or at the Hospital Erasto Gaertner, two institutions that, together, serve a significant portion of the patients seeking treatment in the city of Curitiba, located in the state of Paraná. This was a retrospective study, involving the administration of questionnaires. The descriptive analysis of the data obtained was performed using the Epi-Info program. Results: There was a predominance of male patients (76%).At the time of diagnosis, the majority of patients (90%) were smokers or former smokers. In 87% of the cases, there was no history of lung disease. The most common initial symptoms were cough (142 cases) and chest pain (92 cases). Nonsmall cell lung cancer was found in 87% of the patients, and the most common histological type was spinocellular carcinoma, which was found in 49% of all of the patients. Smoking was found to be the most significant predisposing factor. Conclusion: The characteristics of lung cancer progression, such as the nonspecificity of the initial symptoms, the duration of tumor growth and the course of the tumor, together with the lack of tracking programs, are the principal factors that hinder the early detection of lung cancer, making it difficult to treat lung cancer patients and to increase their survival.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.