Aims: The primary aim of the present research was to provide awareness about the latest trends of drug practices of national athletes of Pakistan for the improvement of their sport performance. Methodology: The samples were national athletes belonging to various sports departments of national level. The athletes were selected using snowball and convenient sampling approaches. The questionnaire employed for the data collection was self-administered. With the optimistic consent of the athletes, 80 questionnaires were dispatched at their home addresses. Therefore, 62 athletes (77.5%) returned the filled questionnaires. The requisite information of all filled questionnaires was coded in SPSS-26 software to get the desired results. Moreover, descriptive statistics through frequencies and percentages was executed to draw the findings and further discussions of the present study. Results: The mean age of the national athletes was noted 34.17 years with 2.8 std. deviation and the age range was found between 30 to 38 years. The descriptive statistics of drug practices by national athletes calculated through occasionally, sometimes and frequently. Majority of the national athletes followed and practiced the trends of drugs while participating in their national games and championships to enhance their sport performance to approach the winning position and get the medals. Conclusion: It was concluded that athletes may not aware the side effects and hazards of these drug practices using anabolic steroids, charas, marijuana, aspirin, cocaine, and heroin. National associations and federations should conduct seminars and awareness workshops for the athletes prior to their participation in sport competitions so that national athletes may save themselves from the side effects and afterwards physical damages.
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of partial inferior turbinectomy in relieving the symptoms of nasal obstruction in casesof inferior turbinate hypertrophy and to compare the results in terms of relief from nasal obstruction in response to total inferior turbinectomy.Design: Comparative Study. Setting: Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and neck surgery, CMH Rawalpindi. Period: From January2004 to November 2004. Patients and Methods: A total of 60 patients with inferior turbinate hypertrophy were selected by convenientsampling. 30 patients were treated by partial inferior turbinectomy and 30 by total inferior turbinectomy and result in terms of relief of nasalobstruction based on VAS (Visual Analogue Score) was observed with follow up carried out at interval of one week and then two months.Results: All cases of both the groups showed complete relief of nasal obstruction after 02 months, showing 100% results. Out of 30 casesmanaged by total inferior turbinectomy 4 cases (13%) developed atrophic rhinitis. Conclusion: Partial inferior turbinectomy is as good as totalinferior turbinectomy in relieving nasal obstruction with an edge of avoiding complications like atrophic rhinitis
On 20thMarch, 2020 because of vide spread of COVID-19, the individuals were advised for isolation at home considering the lockdown of educational institutes. This caused economic barren and lack of learning and knowledge globally. As a result, Pakistan was at the top level worldwide for closure of schools during CORONA virus (COVID-19).For elimination of its adverse effects, The Government of Pakistan rapidly started effective strategies. The development and implementation of different tools for students to facilitate in their studies proved a great milestone for PGC. Microsoft teams for online lectures, recorded lectures, video audio conversations between students and teachers, special test system to gain competitive edge managed the situation during this COVID 19.
ABSTRACT… Background: Endoscopic sinus surgery has become a preferred modality for management of various nasal and sinus disorders. Orbital complications, though rare, are reported amongst patients undergoing ESS. Study Design: Case series. Methods: A retrospective review was undertaken of four cases of orbital complications during endoscopic sinus surgery. Results: Two patients suffered from periorbital haematoma and subconjunctival haemorrhage. One patient developed subcutaneous emphysema and numbness of lower eyelid and cheek. One patient got oedema of lower eyelid. Conclusion: Ophthalmic complications occurring during ESS should be timely and properly addressed. By having sound knowledge of anatomy of nose, paranasal sinuses and orbit and detailed preoperative assessment, chances of orbital complications can be lessened.
Objective: To compare the recovery of patients in both groups having acute otitis externa induced by cotton buds/various objects. One group by old method and second group by unique method. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Karachi, from Jan to Dec 2020. Methodology: Non-probability convenience sampling technique was applied. Out of 50 cases were selected for group 1 management. Fifty cases were selected for group 2 management. A chi-square test was applied to compare the recovery of two groups of patients on the 14th day and 42nd day of follow-up. p-value was kept 0.05 as significant. Results: A total of 100 cases were treated in 2 groups. The gender distribution of the study was 54 females and 46 males. The mean age of the study population was 33.09 ± 12.93 years. p-value was calculated on the 14th day and 42nd days. A 2x2 table of 14th follow up day showed recovery by both groups with a p-value of 0.041 which is <0.05. This showed that group 2 management was statistically better than group 1 management. Conclusion: The second group was managed with eardrops containing Betamethasone and Neomycin. This management protocol is unique and better than conventional management as done in the first group.
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