Congenital Cleft Lip and Palate is a common birth defect with an incidence of 1 in 600 to 800 live births. This defect usually affects either the left, right or in some cases both sides of the lip and is called a Tessier Type 3 cleft. Clefting of the face in the midline is exceedingly rare and such a case of a Median Facial Cleft Syndrome is being reported which occurs in nearly 1 in 1,000,000 live births. This was first described by Bechard in 1823 and can be sporadic or part of an inherited syndrome. The child had a median cleft of the upper lip, nose, and palate of a severe, complete variety, with absent philtrum of the upper lip, premaxilla, columella, nasal septum and vomer.
Plexiform neurofibromas (PNs) are benign tumors that grow in the nerves of people with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a genetic disorder that affects the development and growth of nerve cell tumors. PNs can occur anywhere in the body but are most commonly found in the skin, nerves, and bones. They can cause disfigurement and functional impairment, and may also increase the risk of malignant transformation. Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, and medications to manage symptoms.
In 2020, a new pair of salivary glands was discovered between the nasal cavity and throat called ‘Tubarial salivary gland ’. Though they were first discovered in Netherlands Cancer Institute during PET CT scan, and it is significant only during radiotherapy, the discovery itself is engulfed in various controversies. A review of literature along with the current locus standi about the latest salivary glands is done.
Infantile haemangiomas (IH) or Strawberry naevi as were previously called are common neoplasms of childhood. The tendency to spontaneously involute differentiates this tumour from other vascular neoplasms. Though many treatment modalities have been described with advances in understanding of tumour pathology, it has been consistently found that minimal intervention under watchful observation offers the best chance of getting the best result in the long term. Though parents are extremely nervous, seeing the grotesque nature of these tumours, patient, firm counselling and reassurance is all that is required in most cases for successful management.
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